View source for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

'''Zollinger-Ellison syndrome''', abbreviated '''ZES''', is the triad of pancreatic gastrinoma, peptic ulcers of the small bowel and gastric hypersecretion.<ref name=pmid13259432>{{cite journal |author=Zollinger RM, Ellison EH |title=Primary peptic ulcerations of the jejunum associated with islet cell tumors of the pancreas |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=142 |issue=4 |pages=709–23; discussion, 724–8 |year=1955 |pmid=13259432|doi=10.1097/00000658-195510000-00015 |PMC = 1465210 |URL = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1465210/?page=1 }}</ref>

==General==
*May be part of [[MEN 1|multiple endocrine neoplasia 1]].

Clinical:
*Abdominal pain.
*Diarrhea.

Laboratory:
*Serum gastrin often elevated - though not usually not very high.<ref name=pmid17108778>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Berna | first1 = MJ. | last2 = Hoffmann | first2 = KM. | last3 = Serrano | first3 = J. | last4 = Gibril | first4 = F. | last5 = Jensen | first5 = RT. | title = Serum gastrin in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: I. Prospective study of fasting serum gastrin in 309 patients from the National Institutes of Health and comparison with 2229 cases from the literature. | journal = Medicine (Baltimore) | volume = 85 | issue = 6 | pages = 295-330 | month = Nov | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1097/01.md.0000236956.74128.76 | PMID = 17108778 }}</ref>
**Gastrin may be elevated due to chronic proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use - 35+/-20 pg/ml (normal) versus 170+/-135 pg/ml (chronic PPI use).<ref name=pmid22460728>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Raines | first1 = D. | last2 = Chester | first2 = M. | last3 = Diebold | first3 = AE. | last4 = Mamikunian | first4 = P. | last5 = Anthony | first5 = CT. | last6 = Mamikunian | first6 = G. | last7 = Woltering | first7 = EA. | title = A prospective evaluation of the effect of chronic proton pump inhibitor use on plasma biomarker levels in humans. | journal = Pancreas | volume = 41 | issue = 4 | pages = 508-11 | month = May | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1097/MPA.0b013e318243a0b6 | PMID = 22460728 }}</ref>

==Microscopic==
===Pancreas===
:See: ''[[Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour]]''.

===Stomach===
*G-cell hyperplasia.

DDx:
*Pseudo-Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.<ref name=pmid10833904>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Tomaszewska | first1 = R. | last2 = Kedra | first2 = B. | last3 = Stachura | first3 = J. | title = Hypertrophic gastritis, primary diffuse G-cell hyperplasia and pancreatic metaplasia of the gastric mucosa (pseudo-Zollinger-Ellison syndrome)--case report. | journal = Pol J Pathol | volume = 51 | issue = 1 | pages = 51-4 | month =  | year = 2000 | doi =  | PMID = 10833904 }}
</ref>

==See also==
*[[Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour]].
*[[Neuroendocrine tumours]].

==References==
{{Reflist|1}}

[[Category:Syndromes]]
[[Category:Diagnosis]]