Difference between revisions of "Short power list"
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The '''short power list''' is a short [[differential diagnosis]] for the most common specimens. This is list is written for junior residents and should serve as a starting point if one has no clue about the [[differential diagnosis]] for the site. It assumes the specimen comes from an adult. | The '''short power list''' is a short [[differential diagnosis]] for the most common specimens. This is list is written for junior residents and should serve as a starting point if one has no clue about the [[differential diagnosis]] for the site. It assumes the specimen comes from an adult. | ||
=Bone= | |||
==General== | |||
Benign: | |||
*[[Aneurysmal bone cyst]]. | |||
*[[Osteoid osteoma]]. | |||
Malignant: | |||
*Metastatic carcinoma. | |||
*[[Plasma cell neoplasm]]. | |||
*[[Osteosarcoma]]. | |||
*[[Ewing sarcoma]]. | |||
==Femoral head== | |||
Benign: | |||
*[[Osteoarthritis]]. | |||
*Avascular necrosis of the femoral head. | |||
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]. | |||
Uncommon - benign (fracture): | |||
*Trauma. | |||
*Osteoporosis. | |||
Uncommon - benign pediatric: | |||
*Slipped femoral capital epiphysis (SFCE). | |||
*Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome. | |||
Uncommon - malignant (fracture): | |||
*Metastasis. | |||
=Breast pathology= | =Breast pathology= | ||
| Line 82: | Line 111: | ||
*[[Adrenal cortical carcinoma]]. | *[[Adrenal cortical carcinoma]]. | ||
*[[Pheochromocytoma]]. | *[[Pheochromocytoma]]. | ||
=Gastrointestinal pathology= | =Gastrointestinal pathology= | ||
| Line 385: | Line 397: | ||
=Soft tissue= | =Soft tissue= | ||
Benign: | |||
*[[Lipoma]]. | |||
*[[Hemangioma]]. | |||
*[[Neurofibroma]]. | |||
Malignant: | |||
*[[Liposarcoma]]. | *[[Liposarcoma]]. | ||
*[[Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma]]. | *[[Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma]]. | ||
*[[Chondrosarcoma]]. | |||
=Spleen= | =Spleen= | ||
Revision as of 05:53, 9 January 2012
The short power list is a short differential diagnosis for the most common specimens. This is list is written for junior residents and should serve as a starting point if one has no clue about the differential diagnosis for the site. It assumes the specimen comes from an adult.
Bone
General
Benign:
Malignant:
- Metastatic carcinoma.
- Plasma cell neoplasm.
- Osteosarcoma.
- Ewing sarcoma.
Femoral head
Benign:
- Osteoarthritis.
- Avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
Uncommon - benign (fracture):
- Trauma.
- Osteoporosis.
Uncommon - benign pediatric:
- Slipped femoral capital epiphysis (SFCE).
- Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome.
Uncommon - malignant (fracture):
- Metastasis.
Breast pathology
Benign:
Malignant:
- DCIS.
- LCIS.
- Ductal carcinoma.
- Lobular carcinoma.
- Tubular carcinoma.
Uncommon benign/malignant:
Cardiovascular pathology
General
- Thrombosis (embolism).
- Vasculitis.
Uncommon:
- Amyloid deposition.
- Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis.
Aorta
Uncommmon:
Aortic valve
Uncommon:
Mitral valve
Uncommon:
Heart
Uncommon - benign:
- Lipoma.
- Rhabdomyoma.
Uncommon - malignant:
Endocrine pathology
Thyroid gland
Benign:
Malignant:
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular variant.
Uncommon - malignant:
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma, columnar cell variant.
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma, tall cell variant.
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma.
- Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
Adrenal gland
Benign:
Malignant:
Gastrointestinal pathology
Appendix
Benign:
- Appendicitis.
- Periappendicitis.
- Crohn's disease.
- Normal.
Neoplasm:
- Neuroendocrine tumour.
- Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN).
Malignant:
- Mucinous adenocarcinoma.
Gallbladder
Benign:
Uncommon - pre-malignant:
- Intestinal metaplasia.
Uncommon - malignant:
- Adenocarcinoma.
Gastrointestinal polyp
Benign:
Pre-malignant:
Uncommon - pre-malignant:
Stomach
Benign:
- Helicobacter pylori gastritis.
- Intestinal metaplasia.
- Chronic gastritis.
- Acute gastritis.
Pre-malignant:
Malignant:
- Adenocarcinoma, intestinal type.
- Signet-ring cell carcinoma.
- GIST.
Duodenum
Benign:
- Normal.
- Celiac disease.
Pre-malignant:
Malignant:
- Adenocarcinoma.
Uncommon benign:
- Giardiasis.
- Whipple disease.
- MAI infection.
Liver
Benign:
Malignant:
- Metastatic adenocarcinoma.
- Hepatocellular carcinoma.
Uncommon benign:
- Autoimmune hepatitis.
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis, esp. in the context of UC.
- Primary biliary cirrhosis.
- Wilson's disease.
- Hereditary hemochromatosis.
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.
Uncommon malignant:
Genitourinary pathology
Tumour kidney
Benign:
- Normal.
- Renal oncocytoma.
- Angiomyolipoma.
- Papillary adenoma.
Malignant:
- Clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
- Papillary renal cell carcinoma.
- Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.
- Urothelial carcinoma.
Uncommon - benign:
Medical kidney
Prostate gland
Benign:
- Normal.
- Chronic inflammation.
- Acute inflammation.
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (prostectomy diagnosis only).
Malignant:
- Acinar adenocarcinoma.
Uncommon - malignant:
- Ductal adenocarcinoma.
- Urothelial carcinoma.
Urinary bladder
Benign:
- Inverted urothelial papilloma.
- Cystitis cystica.
Pre-malignant/malignant:
- Urothelial dysplasia.
- Papillary urothelial carcinoma, low grade.
- Papillary urothelial carcinoma, high grade.
- Flat urothelial carcinoma.
Uncommon - benign:
Gynecologic pathology
Uterus
Benign:
- Fibroids.
- Adenomyosis.
- Atrophy.
- Uterine prolapse.
- Proliferative phase endometrium.
- Secretory phase endometrium.
Pre-malignant:
Malignant:
- Endometrial carcinoma.
- Endometrioid.
- Mucinous.
- Serous.
Uncommon - benign:
- Decidua (change of pregnancy).
Uncommon - malignant:
- Clear cell carcinoma.
- Carcinosarcoma.
Cervix - cytology
Benign:
- Normal.
- Candida.
- Endometrial cells.
- Atrophy.
Pre-malignant/malignant:
- LSIL.
- HSIL.
- Squamous cell carcinoma.
- Adenocarcinoma.
Uncommon - benign:
- HSV changes.
- Trichomonas.
Ovary
Benign:
- Serous cystadenoma.
- Mucinous cystadenoma.
- Mature teratoma.
- Endometriosis.
Malignant:
- Serous carcinoma.
- Endometrioid carcinoma.
- Mucinous carcinoma.
Uncommon - malignant:
Fallopian tube
Benign:
- Paratubal cyst.
- Tubo-ovarian abscess.
- Salpingitis.
- Ectopic pregnancy.
- Adenomatoid tumour.
Malignant:
- Serous carcinoma.
Uncommon - benign:
Head and neck
General
Benign:
Malignant:
Uncommon - malignant:
- Paraganglioma (carotid body tumour).
Salivary gland
Benign:
Malignant:
Uncommon benign:
Uncommon malignant:
- Acinic cell carcinoma.
- Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma.
- Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma.
- Salivary duct carcinoma.
- Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma.
Lymph node
Benign:
- Normal/resting.
- Follicular hyperplasia.
Malignant:
- Metastasis, esp. carcinoma.
- Follicular lymphoma.
- Diffuse large B cell lymphoma.
- Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma.
- Mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma.
- MALT lymphoma.
Pulmonary pathology
Benign:
- Normal.
Malignant:
Uncommon - benign:
- Tuberculosis.
- Sarcoidosis.
- Usual interstitial pneumonia.
- Solitary fibrous tumour - esp. pleural.
Uncommon - malignant:
Soft tissue
Benign:
Malignant:
Spleen
Benign:
- Trauma.
- Normal.
- Enlargement due to cirrhosis.
Malignant: