Difference between revisions of "Familial adenomatous polyposis"
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**Considered useless for screening as they are so common otherwise. Multiple [[lipoma]]s are statistically more common; however, they are also useless.<ref name=pmid22135120>{{Cite journal | last1 = Burger | first1 = B. | last2 = Cattani | first2 = N. | last3 = Trueb | first3 = S. | last4 = de Lorenzo | first4 = R. | last5 = Albertini | first5 = M. | last6 = Bontognali | first6 = E. | last7 = Itin | first7 = C. | last8 = Schaub | first8 = N. | last9 = Itin | first9 = PH. | title = Prevalence of skin lesions in familial adenomatous polyposis: a marker for presymptomatic diagnosis? | journal = Oncologist | volume = 16 | issue = 12 | pages = 1698-705 | month = | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0244 | PMID = 22135120 }}</ref> | **Considered useless for screening as they are so common otherwise. Multiple [[lipoma]]s are statistically more common; however, they are also useless.<ref name=pmid22135120>{{Cite journal | last1 = Burger | first1 = B. | last2 = Cattani | first2 = N. | last3 = Trueb | first3 = S. | last4 = de Lorenzo | first4 = R. | last5 = Albertini | first5 = M. | last6 = Bontognali | first6 = E. | last7 = Itin | first7 = C. | last8 = Schaub | first8 = N. | last9 = Itin | first9 = PH. | title = Prevalence of skin lesions in familial adenomatous polyposis: a marker for presymptomatic diagnosis? | journal = Oncologist | volume = 16 | issue = 12 | pages = 1698-705 | month = | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0244 | PMID = 22135120 }}</ref> | ||
*Osteosclerotic jaw lesions.<ref name=omim175100>{{OMIM|175100}}</ref> | *Osteosclerotic jaw lesions.<ref name=omim175100>{{OMIM|175100}}</ref> | ||
Mneumonic ''DO STOP'' (modified):<ref name=pathologyexpert>URL: [http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm]. Accessed on: 26 November 2011.</ref> | Mneumonic ''DO STOP'' (modified):<ref name=pathologyexpert>URL: [http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm]. Accessed on: 26 November 2011.</ref> | ||
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Note: | Note: | ||
*[[Osteochondroma]] does ''not'' appear to be part of the syndrome, as suggested by ''pathologyexpert.com''.<ref name=pathologyexpert>URL: [http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm]. Accessed on: 26 November 2011.</ref> | *[[Osteochondroma]] does ''not'' appear to be part of the syndrome, as suggested by ''pathologyexpert.com''.<ref name=pathologyexpert>URL: [http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm]. Accessed on: 26 November 2011.</ref> | ||
*‡ [[Sebaceous cyst]]s are considered the classic lesion;<ref name=pmid16411234>{{Cite journal | last1 = Bisgaard | first1 = ML. | last2 = Bülow | first2 = S. | title = Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP): genotype correlation to FAP phenotype with osteomas and sebaceous cysts. | journal = Am J Med Genet A | volume = 140 | issue = 3 | pages = 200-4 | month = Feb | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1002/ajmg.a.31010 | PMID = 16411234 }} | *‡ [[Sebaceous cyst]]s are considered the classic lesion;<ref name=pathologyexpert>URL: [http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm]. Accessed on: 26 November 2011.</ref><ref name=pmid16411234>{{Cite journal | last1 = Bisgaard | first1 = ML. | last2 = Bülow | first2 = S. | title = Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP): genotype correlation to FAP phenotype with osteomas and sebaceous cysts. | journal = Am J Med Genet A | volume = 140 | issue = 3 | pages = 200-4 | month = Feb | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1002/ajmg.a.31010 | PMID = 16411234 }}</ref> however, are not considered a useful predictor.<ref name=pmid22135120/> | ||
===Turcot syndrome=== | ===Turcot syndrome=== | ||
Revision as of 17:02, 4 November 2012
Familial adenomatous polyposis, abbreviated FAP and also known as familial polyposis coli and adenomatous polyposis coli, is a genetic condition that predisposes to adenomatous polyps and thus invariably results in colorectal cancer.
Gardner syndrome[1] is a subset of FAP. Both FAP and Gardner syndrome have a mutation in the FAP gene.[2]
General
- Life expectancy 40-50 years.[3]
Leading causes of death in FAP (according to The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons):[4]
- Colorectal carcinoma.
- Desmoid tumour.
- Ampullary adenocarcinoma (a type of duodenal adenocarcinoma).
Inheritance
- Autosomal dominant.
Gene
- APC gene[2] mutation.
Variants
FAP comes in two main flavours:
- FAP (no otherwise specified - the plain vanilla flavour).
- Many polyps - typically > 100.
- Attenuated FAP, abbreviated AFAP.
- Less polyps - typically 10 to 100.[5]
- As one my think... they tend to get cancer later than (the plain vanilla) FAP.
- Less polyps - typically 10 to 100.[5]
Gardner syndrome
FAP with prominent extraintestinal manifestations - including:[5]
- Osteomas.
- Desmoid tumours.
- Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium.
- Fibromas.
- Epidermal inclusion cysts.[2]
- Osteosclerotic jaw lesions.[2]
Mneumonic DO STOP (modified):[7]
- Desmoid-type fibromatosis.
- Osteoma.
- Skin lesions - multiple lipomas.[6] ‡
- Thyroid carinoma - papillary thyroid carcinoma cribriform morular variant.[2]
- Osteosclerotic jaw lesions.
- Polyps, adenomatous.
Note:
- Osteochondroma does not appear to be part of the syndrome, as suggested by pathologyexpert.com.[7]
- ‡ Sebaceous cysts are considered the classic lesion;[7][8] however, are not considered a useful predictor.[6]
Turcot syndrome
The term is somewhat ambiguous and probably ought to be avoided:
- Half et al.[5] says Turcot syndrome is FAP associated with a medulloblastoma... while OMIM says Turcot syndrome is tied to Lynch syndrome and autosomal recessive.[2]
FAP associations
Benign things:
Malignant tumours:[5]
- Hepatoblastoma.
- Medulloblastoma.
- Colorectal carcinoma.
- Gastric adenocarcinoma.
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma cribriform-morular variant.[10]
Benign tumours:[5]
Prevalence
1/11,300-37,600 in Europe.[5]
See also
- Colorectal carcinoma.
- Adenomatous polyps.
- MUTYH polyposis syndrome - an autosomal recessive polyposis syndrome.
References
- ↑ Gardner, EJ. (Jun 1951). "A genetic and clinical study of intestinal polyposis, a predisposing factor for carcinoma of the colon and rectum.". Am J Hum Genet 3 (2): 167-76. PMID 14902760.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 175100
- ↑ Iwama, T.; Tamura, K.; Morita, T.; Hirai, T.; Hasegawa, H.; Koizumi, K.; Shirouzu, K.; Sugihara, K. et al. (Aug 2004). "A clinical overview of familial adenomatous polyposis derived from the database of the Polyposis Registry of Japan.". Int J Clin Oncol 9 (4): 308-16. doi:10.1007/s10147-004-0414-4. PMID 15375708.
- ↑ URL: http://www.fascrs.org/physicians/education/core_subjects/2006/fap/. Accessed on: 7 May 2012.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Half E, Bercovich D, Rozen P (2009). "Familial adenomatous polyposis". Orphanet J Rare Dis 4: 22. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-4-22. PMC 2772987. PMID 19822006. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2772987/. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "pmid19822006" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "pmid19822006" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "pmid19822006" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "pmid19822006" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "pmid19822006" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Burger, B.; Cattani, N.; Trueb, S.; de Lorenzo, R.; Albertini, M.; Bontognali, E.; Itin, C.; Schaub, N. et al. (2011). "Prevalence of skin lesions in familial adenomatous polyposis: a marker for presymptomatic diagnosis?". Oncologist 16 (12): 1698-705. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0244. PMID 22135120.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 URL: http://www.pathologyexpert.com/boards/onlinefiles/syndromes.htm. Accessed on: 26 November 2011.
- ↑ Bisgaard, ML.; Bülow, S. (Feb 2006). "Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP): genotype correlation to FAP phenotype with osteomas and sebaceous cysts.". Am J Med Genet A 140 (3): 200-4. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.31010. PMID 16411234.
- ↑ Freeman HJ (March 2008). "Proton pump inhibitors and an emerging epidemic of gastric fundic gland polyposis". World J. Gastroenterol. 14 (9): 1318-20. PMID 18322941. http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/14/1318.asp.
- ↑ Groen EJ, Roos A, Muntinghe FL, et al. (September 2008). "Extra-intestinal manifestations of familial adenomatous polyposis". Ann. Surg. Oncol. 15 (9): 2439–50. doi:10.1245/s10434-008-9981-3. PMC 2518080. PMID 18612695. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2518080/?tool=pubmed.