Difference between revisions of "Mixed germ cell tumour"
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| Signs = mass lesion | | Signs = mass lesion | ||
| Symptoms = | | Symptoms = | ||
| Prevalence = | | Prevalence = most common germ cell tumour | ||
| Bloodwork = | | Bloodwork = +/-AFP elevated, +/-beta-hCG elevated, +/-LDH elevated | ||
| Rads = | | Rads = | ||
| Endoscopy = | | Endoscopy = | ||
| Prognosis = | | Prognosis = worse than [[seminoma]]/[[dysgerminoma]] | ||
| Other = | | Other = | ||
| ClinDDx = | | ClinDDx = gonads: [[germ cell tumours]], other tumours | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Mixed germ cell tumour''', abbreviated '''MGCT''', is a lesion composed of different [[germ cell tumours]]. Most germ cell tumours are mixed. | '''Mixed germ cell tumour''', abbreviated '''MGCT''', is a lesion composed of different [[germ cell tumours]]. Most germ cell tumours are mixed. | ||
Revision as of 13:02, 8 January 2014
| Mixed germ cell tumour | |
|---|---|
| Diagnosis in short | |
 Mixed germ cell tumour. H&E stain. | |
|
| |
| LM | depends on the components |
| LM DDx | other germ cell tumours |
| IHC | variable |
| Site | ovary, testis, mediastinum, other |
|
| |
| Signs | mass lesion |
| Prevalence | most common germ cell tumour |
| Blood work | +/-AFP elevated, +/-beta-hCG elevated, +/-LDH elevated |
| Prognosis | worse than seminoma/dysgerminoma |
| Clin. DDx | gonads: germ cell tumours, other tumours |
Mixed germ cell tumour, abbreviated MGCT, is a lesion composed of different germ cell tumours. Most germ cell tumours are mixed.
General
- 60% of GCTs are mixed. †
Common combinations:
- Teratoma + embryonal carcinoma + endodermal sinus tumour (yolk sac tumour) (TEE).
- Seminoma + embryonal (SE).
- Teratoma + embryonal +(TE).
Memory device: TEE + all combinations have embryonal carcinoma.
Note:
- † Numbers vary between sources. One series suggests it is almost 70%.[1]
- There has been in increase in MGCTs over the past 20 years that is probably due to changes how in how GCTs are classified.[2]
Microscopic
Features:
- Depends on components.
Notes:
- If one cannot identify the component... it is probably yolk sac as this has so many different patterns.
Images
Mixed GCT - intermed mag. (WC/Nephron)
Mixed GCT - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
www:
- Mixed germ cell tumour - several images (upmc.edu).
- Mixed germ cell tumour - several cases (upmc.edu).
IHC
- Beta-hCG +ve - if syncytiotrophoblasts are present.
- AFP +ve - a yolk sac tumour component is present.
- GFAP +ve - if neuroepithelium is present.
See also
References
- ↑ Mosharafa, AA.; Foster, RS.; Leibovich, BC.; Ulbright, TM.; Bihrle, R.; Einhorn, LH.; Donohue, JP. (Apr 2004). "Histology in mixed germ cell tumors. Is there a favorite pairing?". J Urol 171 (4): 1471-3. doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000116841.30826.85. PMID 15017200.
- ↑ Trabert, B.; Stang, A.; Cook, MB.; Rusner, C.; McGlynn, KA. (Aug 2011). "Impact of classification of mixed germ-cell tumours on incidence trends of non-seminoma.". Int J Androl 34 (4 Pt 2): e274-7. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01187.x. PMID 21623833.