Difference between revisions of "Chondroma"
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'''Chondroma''' is a benign tumour of [[cartilage]]. It is in the [[Chondro-osseous tumours]] group of [[soft tissue tumours]]. | |||
==General== | |||
*Benign thingy. | |||
*Usual legs and feet. | |||
*May be difficult to separate from [[chondrosarcoma]]. | |||
*Multiple chondromas = ''enchondromatosis''; three distinct syndromes:<ref name=emed_enchondroma>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/389224-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/389224-overview]. Accessed on: 25 December 2010.</ref> | |||
**Ollier disease. | |||
**Maffucci syndrome - with [[hemangioma]]s, increased risk of [[chondrosarcoma]].<ref name=omim166000>{{OMIM|166000}}</ref> | |||
**Metachondromatosis - autosomal dominant. | |||
*''Enchondroma'' = chondroma in the marrow space. | |||
Clinical:<ref name=emed_enchondroma>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/389224-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/389224-overview]. Accessed on: 25 December 2010.</ref> | |||
*Pain. | |||
==Radiology== | |||
Features:<ref name=emed_enchondroma>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/389224-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/389224-overview]. Accessed on: 25 December 2010.</ref> | |||
*Lytic lesion. | |||
*Usual close to a growth plate. | |||
Important suspicious findings that favour malignant:<ref name=pmid23041161>{{Cite journal | last1 = Choi | first1 = BB. | last2 = Jee | first2 = WH. | last3 = Sunwoo | first3 = HJ. | last4 = Cho | first4 = JH. | last5 = Kim | first5 = JY. | last6 = Chun | first6 = KA. | last7 = Hong | first7 = SJ. | last8 = Chung | first8 = HW. | last9 = Sung | first9 = MS. | title = MR differentiation of low-grade chondrosarcoma from enchondroma. | journal = Clin Imaging | volume = 37 | issue = 3 | pages = 542-7 | month = | year = | doi = 10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.08.006 | PMID = 23041161 }}</ref> | |||
*Cortical destruction. | |||
*Soft tissue component. | |||
Note: | |||
*High-grade chondroid lesions (high-grade chondrosarcoma) can usually be separated radiologically from low-grade ones.<ref name=pmid22696998>{{Cite journal | last1 = Berber | first1 = O. | last2 = Datta | first2 = G. | last3 = Sabharwal | first3 = S. | last4 = Aston | first4 = W. | last5 = Saifuddin | first5 = A. | last6 = Briggs | first6 = T. | title = The safety of direct primary excision of low-grade chondral lesions based on radiological diagnosis alone. | journal = Acta Orthop Belg | volume = 78 | issue = 2 | pages = 254-62 | month = Apr | year = 2012 | doi = | PMID = 22696998 }}</ref> | |||
==Microscopic== | |||
Features: | |||
*Ctyologically benign cells is spaced nests. | |||
DDx: | |||
*Low-grade [[chondrosarcoma]] - should be considered, correlation with radiology essential. | |||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Enchondroma_-_intermed_mag.jpg | Enchondroma - intermed mag. (WC) | |||
Image:Enchondroma_-_very_high_mag.jpg | Enchondroma - very high mag. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Sign out== | |||
<pre> | |||
TISSUE ("CHONDROMA"), LEFT COSTAL MARGIN, EXCISION: | |||
- CHONDROMA. | |||
</pre> | |||
===Micro=== | |||
The sections show spaced small cells in a pale matrix with a light-blue tinge. No nuclear atypia is appreciated. No mitotic activity is apparent. Degenerative changes are seen focally. | |||
A small focus of cholesterol clefts with giant cells is present. Benign bone, bone marrow and skeletal muscle are present. | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Chondro-osseous tumours]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Diagnosis]] | [[Category:Diagnosis]] | ||
[[Category:Chondro-osseous tumours]] | |||
Revision as of 01:54, 1 May 2014
Chondroma is a benign tumour of cartilage. It is in the Chondro-osseous tumours group of soft tissue tumours.
General
- Benign thingy.
- Usual legs and feet.
- May be difficult to separate from chondrosarcoma.
- Multiple chondromas = enchondromatosis; three distinct syndromes:[1]
- Ollier disease.
- Maffucci syndrome - with hemangiomas, increased risk of chondrosarcoma.[2]
- Metachondromatosis - autosomal dominant.
- Enchondroma = chondroma in the marrow space.
Clinical:[1]
- Pain.
Radiology
Features:[1]
- Lytic lesion.
- Usual close to a growth plate.
Important suspicious findings that favour malignant:[3]
- Cortical destruction.
- Soft tissue component.
Note:
- High-grade chondroid lesions (high-grade chondrosarcoma) can usually be separated radiologically from low-grade ones.[4]
Microscopic
Features:
- Ctyologically benign cells is spaced nests.
DDx:
- Low-grade chondrosarcoma - should be considered, correlation with radiology essential.
Images
Enchondroma - intermed mag. (WC)
Enchondroma - very high mag. (WC)
Sign out
TISSUE ("CHONDROMA"), LEFT COSTAL MARGIN, EXCISION:
- CHONDROMA.
Micro
The sections show spaced small cells in a pale matrix with a light-blue tinge. No nuclear atypia is appreciated. No mitotic activity is apparent. Degenerative changes are seen focally.
A small focus of cholesterol clefts with giant cells is present. Benign bone, bone marrow and skeletal muscle are present.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/389224-overview. Accessed on: 25 December 2010.
- ↑ Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 166000
- ↑ Choi, BB.; Jee, WH.; Sunwoo, HJ.; Cho, JH.; Kim, JY.; Chun, KA.; Hong, SJ.; Chung, HW. et al. "MR differentiation of low-grade chondrosarcoma from enchondroma.". Clin Imaging 37 (3): 542-7. doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.08.006. PMID 23041161.
- ↑ Berber, O.; Datta, G.; Sabharwal, S.; Aston, W.; Saifuddin, A.; Briggs, T. (Apr 2012). "The safety of direct primary excision of low-grade chondral lesions based on radiological diagnosis alone.". Acta Orthop Belg 78 (2): 254-62. PMID 22696998.