Difference between revisions of "Human immunodeficiency virus"
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'''Human immunodeficiency virus''', abbreviated '''HIV''', is the causative agent in '' | '''Human immunodeficiency virus''', abbreviated '''HIV''', is generally held to be the causative agent in '''acquired immune deficiency syndrome''', commonly abbreviated '''AIDS'''. | ||
It is associated with a very wide range of pathology including neoplasias and infections. | It is associated with a very wide range of pathology including neoplasias and infections. | ||
=HIV-associated pathology= | |||
==Neoplasia== | ==Neoplasia== | ||
*[[Kaposi sarcoma]]. | *[[Kaposi sarcoma]]. | ||
*[[Hodgkin lymphoma]]. | *[[Hodgkin lymphoma]]. | ||
*Primary effusion lymphoma<ref name=pmid15256448>{{cite journal |author=Staudt MR, Kanan Y, Jeong JH, Papin JF, Hines-Boykin R, Dittmer DP |title=The tumor microenvironment controls primary effusion lymphoma growth in vivo |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=64 |issue=14 |pages=4790–9 |year=2004 |month=July |pmid=15256448 |doi=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3835 |url=}}</ref> - considered to be a special subtype of [[DLBCL]].<ref>{{Ref PCPBoD8|322}}</ref> | *[[Primary effusion lymphoma]]<ref name=pmid15256448>{{cite journal |author=Staudt MR, Kanan Y, Jeong JH, Papin JF, Hines-Boykin R, Dittmer DP |title=The tumor microenvironment controls primary effusion lymphoma growth in vivo |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=64 |issue=14 |pages=4790–9 |year=2004 |month=July |pmid=15256448 |doi=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3835 |url=}}</ref> - considered to be a special subtype of [[DLBCL]].<ref>{{Ref PCPBoD8|322}}</ref> | ||
*[[Leiomyoma]] and [[leiomyosarcoma]] in association with [[EBV]].<ref name=pmid8880205>{{Cite journal | last1 = McClain | first1 = KL. | last2 = Joshi | first2 = VV. | last3 = Murphy | first3 = SB. | title = Cancers in children with HIV infection. | journal = Hematol Oncol Clin North Am | volume = 10 | issue = 5 | pages = 1189-201 | month = Oct | year = 1996 | doi = | PMID = 8880205 }}</ref> | |||
==Other== | ==Other== | ||
===Miscellaneous=== | |||
*[[Haemophagocytic syndrome]]. | *[[Haemophagocytic syndrome]]. | ||
*[[Castleman disease]], plasma cell variant. | *[[Castleman disease]], plasma cell variant. | ||
===Renal pathology=== | |||
*[[Collapsing glomerulopathy]]. | |||
*[[Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis]]. | |||
==Infections== | ==Infections== | ||
*[[Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia]] (PCP). | *[[Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia]] (PCP). | ||
*[[Toxoplasmosis]]. | *[[Toxoplasmosis]]. | ||
*[[Cryptosporidiosis]]. | *[[Cryptosporidiosis]]. | ||
*[[Tuberculosis]]. | *[[Tuberculosis]]. | ||
*Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). | *[[Mycobacterium avium complex]] (MAC). | ||
**Consists of: Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare. | **Consists of: Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare. | ||
***MAC = MAI (Mycobacterium avium intracellulare).<ref>URL: [http://www.pathology.med.umich.edu/greensonlab/JANUNKNOWN.HTML http://www.pathology.med.umich.edu/greensonlab/JANUNKNOWN.HTML]. Accessed on: 25 February 2011.</ref> | ***MAC = MAI (Mycobacterium avium intracellulare).<ref>URL: [http://www.pathology.med.umich.edu/greensonlab/JANUNKNOWN.HTML http://www.pathology.med.umich.edu/greensonlab/JANUNKNOWN.HTML]. Accessed on: 25 February 2011.</ref>{{fact}} | ||
Less common: | |||
*[[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy]]. | |||
*[[Isosporiasis]] - caused by Isospora belli.<ref>URL: [http://www.pathology.med.umich.edu/greensonlab/DECUNKNOWN.HTML http://www.pathology.med.umich.edu/greensonlab/DECUNKNOWN.HTML]. Accessed on: 25 February 2011.</ref> | |||
=AIDS-defining conditions= | |||
There is a long list of AIDS-defining illnesses.<ref name=pmid19052530>{{cite journal |author=Schneider E, Whitmore S, Glynn KM, Dominguez K, Mitsch A, McKenna MT |title=Revised surveillance case definitions for HIV infection among adults, adolescents, and children aged <18 months and for HIV infection and AIDS among children aged 18 months to <13 years--United States, 2008 |journal=MMWR Recomm Rep |volume=57 |issue=RR-10 |pages=1–12 |year=2008 |month=December |pmid=19052530 |doi= |url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5710a1.htm}}</ref> | |||
==Selected infectious AIDS-defining illnesses== | |||
*[[Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia]]. | |||
*[[Candidiasis of esophagus]]. | |||
*[[Tuberculosis]] | |||
==Selected neoplastic AIDS-defining illnesses== | |||
*[[Kaposi sarcoma]]. | |||
*Invasive cervical cancer. | |||
*[[Burkitt lymphoma]]. | |||
=See also= | |||
*[[Viruses]]. | *[[Viruses]]. | ||
*[[Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumour]]. | |||
=References= | |||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Microorganisms]] | [[Category:Microorganisms]] | ||
Latest revision as of 04:43, 30 September 2014
Human immunodeficiency virus, abbreviated HIV, is generally held to be the causative agent in acquired immune deficiency syndrome, commonly abbreviated AIDS.
It is associated with a very wide range of pathology including neoplasias and infections.
HIV-associated pathology
Neoplasia
- Kaposi sarcoma.
- Hodgkin lymphoma.
- Primary effusion lymphoma[1] - considered to be a special subtype of DLBCL.[2]
- Leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma in association with EBV.[3]
Other
Miscellaneous
- Haemophagocytic syndrome.
- Castleman disease, plasma cell variant.
Renal pathology
Infections
- Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP).
- Toxoplasmosis.
- Cryptosporidiosis.
- Tuberculosis.
- Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC).
- Consists of: Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare.
- MAC = MAI (Mycobacterium avium intracellulare).[4][citation needed]
- Consists of: Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare.
Less common:
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
- Isosporiasis - caused by Isospora belli.[5]
AIDS-defining conditions
There is a long list of AIDS-defining illnesses.[6]
Selected infectious AIDS-defining illnesses
Selected neoplastic AIDS-defining illnesses
- Kaposi sarcoma.
- Invasive cervical cancer.
- Burkitt lymphoma.
See also
References
- ↑ Staudt MR, Kanan Y, Jeong JH, Papin JF, Hines-Boykin R, Dittmer DP (July 2004). "The tumor microenvironment controls primary effusion lymphoma growth in vivo". Cancer Res. 64 (14): 4790–9. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3835. PMID 15256448.
- ↑ Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 322. ISBN 978-1416054542.
- ↑ McClain, KL.; Joshi, VV.; Murphy, SB. (Oct 1996). "Cancers in children with HIV infection.". Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 10 (5): 1189-201. PMID 8880205.
- ↑ URL: http://www.pathology.med.umich.edu/greensonlab/JANUNKNOWN.HTML. Accessed on: 25 February 2011.
- ↑ URL: http://www.pathology.med.umich.edu/greensonlab/DECUNKNOWN.HTML. Accessed on: 25 February 2011.
- ↑ Schneider E, Whitmore S, Glynn KM, Dominguez K, Mitsch A, McKenna MT (December 2008). "Revised surveillance case definitions for HIV infection among adults, adolescents, and children aged <18 months and for HIV infection and AIDS among children aged 18 months to <13 years--United States, 2008". MMWR Recomm Rep 57 (RR-10): 1–12. PMID 19052530. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5710a1.htm.