Difference between revisions of "Heart transplant pathology"

From Libre Pathology
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(mimics)
Line 7: Line 7:


==Overview - table==
==Overview - table==
Types of rejection:<ref>{{Ref WMSP|136}}</ref>  
===Types of rejection:<ref name=Ref_WMSP136-7>{{Ref WMSP|136-7}}</ref>===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
| Type (grade)
| Type (grade)
Line 17: Line 17:
| edema, dilated small vessels
| edema, dilated small vessels
| scant inflammation
| scant inflammation
| [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig4]
| [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig4 acute]
|-
|-
| cellular (0R)
| cellular (0R)
Line 27: Line 27:
| infiltrate, myocyte damage
| infiltrate, myocyte damage
| scant interstitial infiltrate (lymphoplasmic), scant damage
| scant interstitial infiltrate (lymphoplasmic), scant damage
| [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig1 mild]
| [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig1 mild cellular]
|-
|-
| cellular (2R)
| cellular (2R)
| space-occupying lesion
| space-occupying lesion
| diffuse interstitial infiltrate displaces parenchyma (lymphoplasmic), obvious damage
| diffuse interstitial infiltrate displaces parenchyma (lymphoplasmic), obvious damage
| [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig2 mod.], [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig3 mod. resolving]
| [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig2 mod. cellular], [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig3 mod. cellular resolving]
|-
|-
| cellular (3R)
| cellular (3R)
Line 42: Line 42:
| concentric intimal thicking
| concentric intimal thicking
| internal elastic lamina preserved (unlike atherosclerosis)
| internal elastic lamina preserved (unlike atherosclerosis)
| [http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/srp-view.aspx?id=118724], [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig5]
| [http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/srp-view.aspx?id=118724 chronic], [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig5 chronic]
|}
 
===Pitfalls:<ref name=Ref_WMSP136-7>{{Ref WMSP|136-7}}</ref>===
{| class="wikitable"
| Name
| Description
| Details
| Image
|-
| Quilty A
| endocardial/subendocardial B-lymphocytes (in clusters)
| benign behaviour clinically
| [http://medeponyms.com/entry/7/ Quilty effect], [http://www.e-heart.org/Pages/08_Heart_Transplant/08_Heart_Transplant_ELI%20_001.htm Quilty effect]
|-
| Quilty B
| B-lymphocytes (in clusters)
| +/-myocyte damage; benign behaviour clinically
| [http://medeponyms.com/entry/7/ Quilty effect], [http://www.e-heart.org/Pages/08_Heart_Transplant/08_Heart_Transplant_ELI%20_001.htm Quilty effect]
|-
| Old biopsy site
| hemosiderin-laden macrophages
| fibrosis/myocyte replacement
| [http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig6 old Bx site]
|}
|}


Line 68: Line 91:


==Cellular rejection==
==Cellular rejection==
Grading scheme 2004/1990:<ref>{{Ref WMSP|136}}</ref>  
Grading scheme 2004/1990:<ref name=Ref_WMSP136>{{Ref WMSP|136}}</ref>  
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
| Grade 2004
| Grade 2004
Line 141: Line 164:


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|1}}
{{Reflist|2}}


==External links==
==External links==

Revision as of 20:56, 7 January 2011

Heart transplant pathology is a niche in cardiac pathology.

It comes in different flavours:

  • Acute vascular rejection.
  • Cellular rejection.
  • Chronic rejection.

Overview - table

Types of rejection:[1]

Type (grade) Description Details Image
acute edema, dilated small vessels scant inflammation acute
cellular (0R) normal no extravascular monocytes
cellular (1R) infiltrate, myocyte damage scant interstitial infiltrate (lymphoplasmic), scant damage mild cellular
cellular (2R) space-occupying lesion diffuse interstitial infiltrate displaces parenchyma (lymphoplasmic), obvious damage mod. cellular, mod. cellular resolving
cellular (3R) disruption of normal arch. diffuse interstitial infiltrate disrupts parenchyma (lymphoplasmic & PMNs), fibre loss/damage
chronic concentric intimal thicking internal elastic lamina preserved (unlike atherosclerosis) chronic, chronic

Pitfalls:[1]

Name Description Details Image
Quilty A endocardial/subendocardial B-lymphocytes (in clusters) benign behaviour clinically Quilty effect, Quilty effect
Quilty B B-lymphocytes (in clusters) +/-myocyte damage; benign behaviour clinically Quilty effect, Quilty effect
Old biopsy site hemosiderin-laden macrophages fibrosis/myocyte replacement old Bx site

Biopsy site reaction

General

  • Can be confused for rejection.

Microscopic

Features:

  • Hemosiderin-laden macrophages.
  • +/-Fibrosis/myofibre loss-replacement.
  • +/-Scant inflammatory infiltration.

Image: Biopsy site (pathconsultddx.com).

Acute rejection

Microscopic

Features:[2]

  • Edema.
  • Dilated small vessels.
  • Scant inflammatory infiltrate.

Image:

Cellular rejection

Grading scheme 2004/1990:[3]

Grade 2004 Grade 1990 Description Details Image
0R 0 normal no extravascular monocytes
1R 1A infiltrate, myocyte damage scant interstitial infiltrate (lymphoplasmic), scant damage mild
1R 1B infiltrate, myocyte damage diffuse interstitial infiltrate (lymphoplasmic), focal damage
1R 2 infiltrate, myocyte damage diffuse interstitial infiltrate (lymphoplasmic), obvious damage
2R 3A space-occupying lesion diffuse interstitial infiltrate displaces parenchyma (lymphoplasmic), obvious damage mod., mod. resolving
3R 3B disruption of normal arch. diffuse interstitial infiltrate disrupts parenchyma (lymphoplasmic & PMNs), obvious damage
3R 4 disruption of normal arch. diffuse interstitial infiltrate disrupts parenchyma (lymphoplasmic & PMNs), fibre loss

Chronic rejection

General

  • AKA transplant arteriopathy or cardiac allograft vasculopathy.
  • Thought to be a form of accelerated atherosclerosis.[4]

Microscopic

Features:[5]

  • Concentric intimal thickening.
  • Preservation of internal elastic lamina.

Images:

Notes:

  • Vague similar to atherosclerosis.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Humphrey, Peter A; Dehner, Louis P; Pfeifer, John D (2008). The Washington Manual of Surgical Pathology (1st ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 136-7. ISBN 978-0781765275.
  2. ↑ URL: http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig4. Accessed on: 7 January 2011.
  3. ↑ Humphrey, Peter A; Dehner, Louis P; Pfeifer, John D (2008). The Washington Manual of Surgical Pathology (1st ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 136. ISBN 978-0781765275.
  4. ↑ Humphrey, Peter A; Dehner, Louis P; Pfeifer, John D (2008). The Washington Manual of Surgical Pathology (1st ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 137. ISBN 978-0781765275.
  5. ↑ URL: http://www.pathconsultddx.com/pathCon/largeImage?pii=S1559-8675%2806%2970592-7&figureId=fig5. Accessed on: 7 January 2011.
  6. ↑ URL: http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-team-uncovers-mechanism-behind-179330.aspx. Accessed on: 7 January 2011.

External links

Retrieved from "https://librepathology.org/w/index.php?title=Heart_transplant_pathology&oldid=3455"