Difference between revisions of "Cartilage"
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
(more) |
|||
| (24 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
'''Cartilage''' is a type of connective tissue that does not commonly come across the pathologist's desk. | '''Cartilage''' is a type of connective tissue that does not commonly come across the pathologist's desk. | ||
It comes in three flavours:<ref name=Ref_WFH4_173-5>{{Ref WFH4|173-5}}</ref> | It comes in three flavours:<ref name=Ref_WFH4_173-5>{{Ref WFH4|173-5}}</ref><ref>URL: [http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Cartilage/Cartil.htm http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Cartilage/Cartil.htm]. Accessed on: 2 January 2011.</ref> | ||
#Hyaline cartilage. | #Hyaline cartilage, e.g. [[trachea]]. | ||
#Fibrocartilage. | #Fibrocartilage, e.g. intervertebral disc. | ||
#Elastic cartilage. | #Elastic cartilage, e.g. epiglottis. | ||
=General= | |||
Features of cartilage:<ref name=Ref_EH2_178-9>{{Ref EH2|178-9}}</ref> | Features of cartilage:<ref name=Ref_EH2_178-9>{{Ref EH2|178-9}}</ref> | ||
*Avascular. | *Avascular. | ||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
*Round cells. | *Round cells. | ||
==Hyaline cartilage== | ==Differential diagnosis== | ||
Cartilage - general for the site:<ref name=pmid17031677>{{Cite journal | last1 = Krenn | first1 = V. | last2 = Morawietz | first2 = L. | last3 = König | first3 = A. | last4 = Haeupl | first4 = T. | title = [Differential diagnosis of chronic synovitis]. | journal = Pathologe | volume = 27 | issue = 6 | pages = 402-8 | month = Nov | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1007/s00292-006-0866-6 | PMID = 17031677 }}</ref> | |||
*[[Synovial chondromatosis]]. | |||
*[[Gout]]. | |||
*[[Pseudogout]]. | |||
*[[Storage disorders]]. | |||
*[[Granuloma|Granulomatous inflammation]]. | |||
*Degenerative changes ([[osteoarthritis]]). | |||
*[[Rheumatic joint disease|Rheumatic disease]]. | |||
*[[Diffuse tenosynovial giant-cell tumour]]. | |||
==Normal== | |||
===Hyaline cartilage=== | |||
====Microscopic==== | |||
Features:<ref name=Ref_EH2_178>{{Ref EH2|178}}</ref> | Features:<ref name=Ref_EH2_178>{{Ref EH2|178}}</ref> | ||
*Chondrocytes within small pockets (lacunae) of extracellular matrix. | *Chondrocytes within small pockets (lacunae) of extracellular matrix. | ||
| Line 22: | Line 35: | ||
***Blue-white appearance on [[H&E stain]] -- '''key feature'''. | ***Blue-white appearance on [[H&E stain]] -- '''key feature'''. | ||
==Tumours | Image: | ||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Cartilage polarised.jpg | Hyaline cartilage - polarized. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
===Perichondrium=== | |||
====Microscopic==== | |||
Features: | |||
*Around cartilage. | |||
**Increased cellular density. | |||
**Spindle cells with poorly defined cellular borders in an eosinophilic (fibrous) stroma. | |||
Images: | |||
*[http://apbrwww5.apsu.edu/thompsonj/Anatomy%20&%20Physiology/2010/2010%20Exam%20Reviews/Exam%201%20Review/perichondrium.jpg Perichondrium (apsu.edu)].<ref>URL: [http://apbrwww5.apsu.edu/thompsonj/Anatomy%20&%20Physiology/2010/2010%20Exam%20Reviews/Exam%201%20Review/Ch04%20Mineralized%20Connective%20Tissues.htm http://apbrwww5.apsu.edu/thompsonj/Anatomy%20&%20Physiology/2010/2010%20Exam%20Reviews/Exam%201%20Review/Ch04%20Mineralized%20Connective%20Tissues.htm]. Accessed on: 19 September 2012.</ref> | |||
*[http://apbrwww5.apsu.edu/thompsonj/Anatomy%20&%20Physiology/2010/2010%20Exam%20Reviews/Exam%201%20Review/perichondrium02.gif Perichondrium (apsu.edu)]. | |||
=Tumours= | |||
{{Main|Chondro-osseous tumours}} | {{Main|Chondro-osseous tumours}} | ||
Tumours of cartilage are dealt with in the article ''[[chondro-osseous tumours]]'' together with bone tumours. | Tumours of cartilage are dealt with in the article ''[[chondro-osseous tumours]]'' together with bone tumours. | ||
==See also | =Specific diagnoses= | ||
==Synovial chondromatosis== | |||
*[[AKA]] ''synovial osteochondromatosis''. | |||
{{Main|Synovial chondromatosis}} | |||
=See also= | |||
*[[Chondro-osseous tumours]]. | *[[Chondro-osseous tumours]]. | ||
*[[Bone]]. | *[[Bone]]. | ||
*[[Spine]]. | |||
*[[Joints]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 04:02, 6 January 2017
Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that does not commonly come across the pathologist's desk.
It comes in three flavours:[1][2]
- Hyaline cartilage, e.g. trachea.
- Fibrocartilage, e.g. intervertebral disc.
- Elastic cartilage, e.g. epiglottis.
General
Features of cartilage:[3]
- Avascular.
- Extracellular matrix with bluish tinge.
- Round cells.
Differential diagnosis
Cartilage - general for the site:[4]
- Synovial chondromatosis.
- Gout.
- Pseudogout.
- Storage disorders.
- Granulomatous inflammation.
- Degenerative changes (osteoarthritis).
- Rheumatic disease.
- Diffuse tenosynovial giant-cell tumour.
Normal
Hyaline cartilage
Microscopic
Features:[5]
- Chondrocytes within small pockets (lacunae) of extracellular matrix.
- Chondrocytes:
- Spherical nucleus.
- Prominent nucleolus.
- Clear cytoplasm.
- Extracellular matrix:
- Blue-white appearance on H&E stain -- key feature.
- Chondrocytes:
Image:
Hyaline cartilage - polarized. (WC)
Perichondrium
Microscopic
Features:
- Around cartilage.
- Increased cellular density.
- Spindle cells with poorly defined cellular borders in an eosinophilic (fibrous) stroma.
Images:
Tumours
Main article: Chondro-osseous tumours
Tumours of cartilage are dealt with in the article chondro-osseous tumours together with bone tumours.
Specific diagnoses
Synovial chondromatosis
- AKA synovial osteochondromatosis.
Main article: Synovial chondromatosis
See also
References
- ↑ Young, Barbara; Lowe, James S.; Stevens, Alan; Heath, John W.; Deakin, Philip J. (2000). Wheaters Functional Histology (4th ed.). Churchill Livingstone. pp. 173-5. ISBN 978-0004881973.
- ↑ URL: http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Cartilage/Cartil.htm. Accessed on: 2 January 2011.
- ↑ Cormack, David H. (2001). Essential Histology (2nd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 178-9. ISBN 978-0781716680.
- ↑ Krenn, V.; Morawietz, L.; König, A.; Haeupl, T. (Nov 2006). "[Differential diagnosis of chronic synovitis].". Pathologe 27 (6): 402-8. doi:10.1007/s00292-006-0866-6. PMID 17031677.
- ↑ Cormack, David H. (2001). Essential Histology (2nd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 178. ISBN 978-0781716680.
- ↑ URL: http://apbrwww5.apsu.edu/thompsonj/Anatomy%20&%20Physiology/2010/2010%20Exam%20Reviews/Exam%201%20Review/Ch04%20Mineralized%20Connective%20Tissues.htm. Accessed on: 19 September 2012.