Difference between revisions of "Desquamative interstitial pneumonia"
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{{ Infobox diagnosis | {{ Infobox diagnosis | ||
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} | | Name = {{PAGENAME}} | ||
| Image = | | Image = Desquamative interstitial pneumonia -- intermed mag.jpg | ||
| Width = | | Width = | ||
| Caption = | | Caption = Desquamative interstitial pneumonia. [[H&E stain]]. (WC/Nephron) | ||
| Synonyms = | | Synonyms = | ||
| Micro = abundant brown pigmented airspace macrophages (smoker's macrophages), architecture preserved ("linear fibrosis") | | Micro = abundant brown pigmented airspace macrophages (smoker's macrophages), architecture preserved ("linear fibrosis") | ||
| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
| Signs = | | Signs = | ||
| Symptoms = | | Symptoms = | ||
| Prevalence = | | Prevalence = rare | ||
| Bloodwork = | | Bloodwork = | ||
| Rads = | | Rads = ground glass airspaces changes - usu. all lobes but peripheral predominant and in lower lobe predominant | ||
| Endoscopy = | | Endoscopy = | ||
| Prognosis = | | Prognosis = | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Desquamative interstitial pneumonia''', abbreviated '''DIP''', is a [[diffuse lung diseases|diffuse lung disease]] that is strongly associated with [[smoking]]. | '''Desquamative interstitial pneumonia''', abbreviated '''DIP''', is a [[diffuse lung diseases|diffuse lung disease]] that is strongly associated with [[smoking]]. | ||
The term ''desquamative interstitial pneumonia'' is a [[misnomer]]. The airspace cells that characterize the condition were once thought to represent desquamated epithelial cells, but they are now know to represent macrophages.<ref name=pmid18794314>{{Cite journal | last1 = Attili | first1 = AK. | last2 = Kazerooni | first2 = EA. | last3 = Gross | first3 = BH. | last4 = Flaherty | first4 = KR. | last5 = Myers | first5 = JL. | last6 = Martinez | first6 = FJ. | title = Smoking-related interstitial lung disease: radiologic-clinical-pathologic correlation. | journal = Radiographics | volume = 28 | issue = 5 | pages = 1383-96; discussion 1396-8 | month = | year = | doi = 10.1148/rg.285075223 | PMID = 18794314 | url=http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/rg.285075223}}</ref> | |||
==General== | ==General== | ||
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Treatment: | Treatment: | ||
*Stop smoking/remove or manage underlying cause. | *Stop smoking/remove or manage underlying cause. | ||
==Gross/Radiology== | |||
Features:<ref name=pmid8497631>{{Cite journal | last1 = Hartman | first1 = TE. | last2 = Primack | first2 = SL. | last3 = Swensen | first3 = SJ. | last4 = Hansell | first4 = D. | last5 = McGuinness | first5 = G. | last6 = Müller | first6 = NL. | title = Desquamative interstitial pneumonia: thin-section CT findings in 22 patients. | journal = Radiology | volume = 187 | issue = 3 | pages = 787-90 | month = Jun | year = 1993 | doi = 10.1148/radiology.187.3.8497631 | PMID = 8497631 }}</ref> | |||
*Ground glass (airspace changes). | |||
**Usually peripheral predominant (~60% of cases) and lower lobe predominant (~70-75% of cases). | |||
**Typically all lobes are involved - though upper lobe spared in ~20% of cases. | |||
*Fibrotic (radiologic) changes ~50% of cases. | |||
==Microscopic== | ==Microscopic== | ||
| Line 59: | Line 68: | ||
===Images=== | ===Images=== | ||
<gallery> | |||
Image: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia -- low mag.jpg | DIP - low mag. | |||
Image: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia -- intermed mag.jpg | DIP - intermed. mag. | |||
Image: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia -- high mag.jpg | DIP - high mag. | |||
Image: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia -- very high mag.jpg | DIP - very high mag. | |||
Image: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia - alt -- low mag.jpg | DIP - low mag. | |||
Image: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia - alt -- intermed mag.jpg | DIP - intermed. mag. | |||
Image: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia - alt -- high mag.jpg | DIP - high mag. | |||
Image: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia - alt 2 -- intermed mag.jpg | DIP - intermed mag. | |||
</gallery> | |||
====www==== | |||
*[http://pathhsw5m54.ucsf.edu/case27/dip27.html DIP (ucsf.edu)]. | *[http://pathhsw5m54.ucsf.edu/case27/dip27.html DIP (ucsf.edu)]. | ||
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Diffuse lung diseases]]. | *[[Diffuse lung diseases]]. | ||
*[[Smoking]]. | |||
*[[Smoking-related interstitial fibrosis]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 14:57, 8 May 2019
| Desquamative interstitial pneumonia | |
|---|---|
| Diagnosis in short | |
 Desquamative interstitial pneumonia. H&E stain. (WC/Nephron) | |
|
| |
| LM | abundant brown pigmented airspace macrophages (smoker's macrophages), architecture preserved ("linear fibrosis") |
| LM DDx | amiodarone toxicity, fibrotic NSIP, RBILD |
| Site | lung - see diffuse lung diseases |
|
| |
| Associated Dx | +/-smoking |
| Prevalence | rare |
| Radiology | ground glass airspaces changes - usu. all lobes but peripheral predominant and in lower lobe predominant |
| Treatment | stop smoking/remove insult |
Desquamative interstitial pneumonia, abbreviated DIP, is a diffuse lung disease that is strongly associated with smoking.
The term desquamative interstitial pneumonia is a misnomer. The airspace cells that characterize the condition were once thought to represent desquamated epithelial cells, but they are now know to represent macrophages.[1]
General
- Rare.[2]
- Strong association with smoking.[3][4]
- Thought to be advanced RBILD.
- May be seen in non-smokers (up to ~40% of cases) due to occupational exposures, drugs, viral illnesses and autoimmune diseases.[5]
Diagnosis:
- Requires - surgical biopsy.[5]
Treatment:
- Stop smoking/remove or manage underlying cause.
Gross/Radiology
Features:[6]
- Ground glass (airspace changes).
- Usually peripheral predominant (~60% of cases) and lower lobe predominant (~70-75% of cases).
- Typically all lobes are involved - though upper lobe spared in ~20% of cases.
- Fibrotic (radiologic) changes ~50% of cases.
Microscopic
Features:[2]
- Abundant airspace macrophages - usually with brown pigment (so called smoker's macrophages) - key feature.
- Interstitial inflammation or interstitial fibrosis with a preserved architecture - so called "linear fibrosis".
Notes:
- Some fields of view may be indistinguishable from RBILD.
DDx:
Images
DIP - low mag.
DIP - intermed. mag.
DIP - high mag.
DIP - very high mag.
DIP - low mag.
DIP - intermed. mag.
DIP - high mag.
DIP - intermed mag.
www
Stains
- Macrophages PAS +ve.
See also
References
- ↑ Attili, AK.; Kazerooni, EA.; Gross, BH.; Flaherty, KR.; Myers, JL.; Martinez, FJ.. "Smoking-related interstitial lung disease: radiologic-clinical-pathologic correlation.". Radiographics 28 (5): 1383-96; discussion 1396-8. doi:10.1148/rg.285075223. PMID 18794314. http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/rg.285075223.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Tazelaar, HD.; Wright, JL.; Churg, A. (Mar 2011). "Desquamative interstitial pneumonia.". Histopathology 58 (4): 509-16. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03649.x. PMID 20854463.
- ↑ Humphrey, Peter A; Dehner, Louis P; Pfeifer, John D (2008). The Washington Manual of Surgical Pathology (1st ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 93. ISBN 978-0781765275.
- ↑ Margaritopoulos, GA.; Vasarmidi, E.; Jacob, J.; Wells, AU.; Antoniou, KM. (Sep 2015). "Smoking and interstitial lung diseases.". Eur Respir Rev 24 (137): 428-35. doi:10.1183/16000617.0050-2015. PMID 26324804.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Godbert, B.; Wissler, MP.; Vignaud, JM. (Jun 2013). "Desquamative interstitial pneumonia: an analytic review with an emphasis on aetiology.". Eur Respir Rev 22 (128): 117-23. doi:10.1183/09059180.00005812. PMID 23728865.
- ↑ Hartman, TE.; Primack, SL.; Swensen, SJ.; Hansell, D.; McGuinness, G.; Müller, NL. (Jun 1993). "Desquamative interstitial pneumonia: thin-section CT findings in 22 patients.". Radiology 187 (3): 787-90. doi:10.1148/radiology.187.3.8497631. PMID 8497631.