Difference between revisions of "Hemangioma"

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| Gross      =
| Gross      =
| Grossing  =
| Grossing  =
| Site      = [[soft tissue]], [[skin]], [[liver]], others
| Site      = [[soft tissue]], [[skin]], [[liver hemangioma|liver]] (dealt with in separate article), others
| Assdx      = [[Castleman disease]] - for glomeruloid hemangioma
| Assdx      = [[Castleman disease]] - for glomeruloid hemangioma
| Syndromes  = [[POEMS syndrome]] - for glomeruloid hemangioma
| Syndromes  = [[POEMS syndrome]] - for glomeruloid hemangioma, [[Maffucci's syndrome]]
| Clinicalhx =
| Clinicalhx =
| Signs      =
| Signs      =
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| pathoutlines  =
| pathoutlines  =
}}
}}
'''Hemangioma''' is a very common benign [[vascular tumour]].  
'''Hemangioma''' is a very common benign [[vascular tumour]]. 
 
''Hemangiomas of the [[liver]]'' are dealt with in the article ''[[liver hemangioma]]''.
 
''Anastomosing hemangioma'' is dealt with in the article ''[[anastomosing hemangioma]]''.


==General==
==General==
*May be found in the [[liver]].
**Classically subcapsular.
***May rupture and be life-threatening.<ref name=pmid19241936>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Vokaer | first1 = B. | last2 = Kothonidis | first2 = K. | last3 = Delatte | first3 = P. | last4 = De Cooman | first4 = S. | last5 = Pector | first5 = JC. | last6 = Liberale | first6 = G. | title = Should ruptured liver haemangioma be treated by surgery or by conservative means? A case report. | journal = Acta Chir Belg | volume = 108 | issue = 6 | pages = 761-4 | month =  | year =  | doi =  | PMID = 19241936 }}</ref>
Hemangiomas to remember - if you're only going remember a few:  
Hemangiomas to remember - if you're only going remember a few:  
*''Glomeruloid'', ''infantile'', ''caverous'', ''capillary'', ''arteriovenous'', ''venous'' and ''intramuscular''.
*''Glomeruloid'', ''infantile'', ''cavernous'', ''capillary'', ''arteriovenous'', ''venous'' and ''intramuscular''.
* ICD-O: 9120/0.  


===Childhood===
===Childhood===
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*Intramuscular.
*Intramuscular.
*Synovial.
*Synovial.
====CNS====
Usually from bone, rarely dural and parenchymal hemangiomas.
*Cavernous.
*Capillary.
====Syndromic associations====
*[[Maffucci's syndrome]].<ref name=pmid6584817>{{cite journal |authors=Laskaris G, Skouteris C |title=Maffucci's syndrome. Report of a case with oral hemangiomas |journal=Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=263–6 |date=March 1984 |pmid=6584817 |doi=10.1016/0030-4220(84)90181-6 |url=}}</ref>
*[[POEMS syndrome]].


==Microscopic==
==Microscopic==
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Image:Capillary_hemangioma_-_intermed_mag.jpg | Capillary hemangioma - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Capillary_hemangioma_-_intermed_mag.jpg | Capillary hemangioma - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Capillary_hemangioma_-_very_high_mag.jpg | Capillary hemangioma - very high mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Capillary_hemangioma_-_very_high_mag.jpg | Capillary hemangioma - very high mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Cavernous liver hemangioma - intermed mag.jpg | Cavernous liver hemangioma - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Cavernous_liver_hemangioma_-_high_mag.jpg | Cavernous liver hemangioma - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Cavernous_hemangioma_histopathology_(1).jpg | Cavernous hemangioma. (WC/KGH)
Image:Cavernous_hemangioma_histopathology_(1).jpg | Cavernous hemangioma. (WC/KGH)
Image:Cavernous_hemangioma_histopathology_%282%29.jpg | Cavernous hemangioma. (WC/KGH)
Image:Cavernous_hemangioma_histopathology_%282%29.jpg | Cavernous hemangioma. (WC/KGH)
Line 92: Line 100:


==Sign out==
==Sign out==
<pre>
Subcutaneous Neck Lesion, Left, Excision:
- Cavernous hemangioma.
- NEGATIVE for malignancy.
</pre>
===Block letters===
<pre>
<pre>
SUBCUTANEOUS NECK LESION, LEFT, EXCISION:
SUBCUTANEOUS NECK LESION, LEFT, EXCISION:
Line 104: Line 119:
</pre>
</pre>


===Micro===
===Micro - skin===
The sections show hair-bearing skin with abundant small superficial vascular channels containing red blood cells. The endothelial cells of the vascular channels do not have atypia.  No mitotic activity is appreciated. The overlying epidermis is unremarkable. Extensive solar elastosis is present. No nevus is identified.
The sections show hair-bearing skin with abundant small superficial vascular channels containing red blood cells. The endothelial cells of the vascular channels do not have atypia.  No mitotic activity is appreciated. The overlying epidermis is unremarkable. Extensive solar elastosis is present. No nevus is identified.


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Vascular tumours]].
*[[Vascular tumours]].
*[[Pneumocytoma]] - previously known as ''sclerosing hemangioma''.


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 21:13, 16 May 2022

Hemangioma
Diagnosis in short

Capillary hemangioma. H&E stain.
LM channels lined by benign endothelium containing RBCs
Subtypes soft tissue (capillary, cavernous, arteriovenous, venous, intramuscular, synovial), childhood (tufted, microvenular hemangioma, glomeruloid hemangioma, epithelioid hemangioma (see angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia‎), targetoid hemosideric hemangioma, infantile hemangioma)
LM DDx lymphangioma, angiokeratoma, lobular capillary hemangioma (pyogenic granuloma).
IHC CD31 +ve, D2-40 -ve, GLUT-1 +ve -- juvenile hemangioma
Site soft tissue, skin, liver (dealt with in separate article), others
Associated Dx Castleman disease - for glomeruloid hemangioma
Syndromes POEMS syndrome - for glomeruloid hemangioma, Maffucci's syndrome
Prevalence common vascular lesion
Prognosis benign
Hemangioma
External resources
EHVSC 10172

Hemangioma is a very common benign vascular tumour.

Hemangiomas of the liver are dealt with in the article liver hemangioma.

Anastomosing hemangioma is dealt with in the article anastomosing hemangioma.

General

Hemangiomas to remember - if you're only going remember a few:

  • Glomeruloid, infantile, cavernous, capillary, arteriovenous, venous and intramuscular.
  • ICD-O: 9120/0.

Childhood

Common childhood hemangiomas:[1]

Soft tissue

Several types are seen in soft tissue:[6]

  • Capillary.
  • Cavernous.
  • Arteriovenous.
  • Venous.
  • Intramuscular.
  • Synovial.

CNS

Usually from bone, rarely dural and parenchymal hemangiomas.

  • Cavernous.
  • Capillary.

Syndromic associations

Microscopic

Features:

  • Channels lined by benign endothelium containing RBCs.

DDx:

Images

  • Capillary hemangioma - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)

  • Capillary hemangioma - very high mag. (WC/Nephron)

  • Cavernous hemangioma. (WC/KGH)

  • Cavernous hemangioma. (WC/KGH)

www:

IHC

  • CD31 +ve.
  • D2-40 -ve.[8]

Juvenile hemangioma:[4]

  • GLUT-1 +ve.

Sign out

Subcutaneous Neck Lesion, Left, Excision:
- Cavernous hemangioma.
- NEGATIVE for malignancy.

Block letters

SUBCUTANEOUS NECK LESION, LEFT, EXCISION:
- CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA.
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.

LESION, LEFT SIDE OF FACE, EXCISION:
- CAPILLARY HEMANGIOMA.
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.

Micro - skin

The sections show hair-bearing skin with abundant small superficial vascular channels containing red blood cells. The endothelial cells of the vascular channels do not have atypia. No mitotic activity is appreciated. The overlying epidermis is unremarkable. Extensive solar elastosis is present. No nevus is identified.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Prieto VG, Shea CR (July 1999). "Selected cutaneous vascular neoplasms. A review". Dermatol Clin 17 (3): 507–20, viii. PMID 10410855.
  2. ↑ Uthup S, Balachandran K, Ammal VA, et al. (August 2006). "Renal involvement in multicentric Castleman disease with glomeruloid hemangioma of skin and plasmacytoma". Am. J. Kidney Dis. 48 (2): e17–24. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.04.089. PMID 16860182.
  3. ↑ Humphrey, Peter A; Dehner, Louis P; Pfeifer, John D (2008). The Washington Manual of Surgical Pathology (1st ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 618. ISBN 978-0781765275.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 North, PE.; Waner, M.; Mizeracki, A.; Mihm, MC. (Jan 2000). "GLUT1: a newly discovered immunohistochemical marker for juvenile hemangiomas.". Hum Pathol 31 (1): 11-22. PMID 10665907.
  5. ↑ Dadras, SS.; North, PE.; Bertoncini, J.; Mihm, MC.; Detmar, M. (Sep 2004). "Infantile hemangiomas are arrested in an early developmental vascular differentiation state.". Mod Pathol 17 (9): 1068-79. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800153. PMID 15143338.
  6. ↑ Humphrey, Peter A; Dehner, Louis P; Pfeifer, John D (2008). The Washington Manual of Surgical Pathology (1st ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 602. ISBN 978-0781765275.
  7. ↑ Laskaris G, Skouteris C (March 1984). "Maffucci's syndrome. Report of a case with oral hemangiomas". Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 57 (3): 263–6. doi:10.1016/0030-4220(84)90181-6. PMID 6584817.
  8. ↑ Kahn, HJ.; Bailey, D.; Marks, A. (Apr 2002). "Monoclonal antibody D2-40, a new marker of lymphatic endothelium, reacts with Kaposi's sarcoma and a subset of angiosarcomas.". Mod Pathol 15 (4): 434-40. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3880543. PMID 11950918.
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