Difference between revisions of "Ethanol abuse"

From Libre Pathology
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(tweak)
m (touch)
 
(14 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
'''Ethanol''' a drug that is often consumed recreationally and in excess. Ethanol is a type of ''alcohol''. In common usage, ''alcohol'' is used as a synonym. '''Alcohol abuse''' causes varies medical problems.
[[Image:The wine is a mocker 1663-1664 Jan Steen.jpg|thumb|A depiction of acute intoxication. ([[Wikipedia:Jan Steen|Jan Steen]])]]
'''Ethanol abuse''' is the excessive consumption of ethyl alcohol ''or'' ethanol.
 
In common usage, ''alcohol'' is used as a synonym for ''ethanol'', which is abbreviated ''EtOH''. '''Alcohol abuse''' causes a large number of medical problems. It includes both acute and chronic problems, and affects a multitude of systems.


In pathology, ''alcohol'' may refer to the [[fixation|fixative]]; it is a chemical used to preserve tissue.
In pathology, ''alcohol'' may refer to the [[fixation|fixative]]; it is a chemical used to preserve tissue.


==Pathology associated with alcohol==
==General==
*Very common.
 
===Classic lab findings in alcohol abusers===
* AST & ALT elevated with AST:ALT=2:1.
* GGT elevated.
* MCV increased.
 
===Toxicity===
Acute toxicity is discussed in the section ''[[ethanol toxicity]]''.
 
===Pathology associated with alcohol===
Head & neck:
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck]].
 
Luminal GI tract:
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus]].
*[[Reactive gastropathy]].
*[[Gastric adenocarcinoma]].
 
Liver:
*[[Alcoholic liver disease]].
**[[Alcoholic steatohepatitis]].
**[[Liver steatosis]], macrovesicular and centrilobular.
**[[Cirrhosis]], micronodular.
***[[Hepatocellular carcinoma]].
 
Pancreas:
*[[Chronic pancreatitis]].
**[[Pancreatic pseudocyst]].
 
CNS:
*[[Marchiafava-Bignami Disease]].
*[[Wernicke's encephalopathy]].
*[[Intracranial haemorrhage]] - due to trauma arising from drunkenness.
*[[Blunt force trauma]] - accidental.
*[[Choking]] - increased risk with acute intoxication.
*[[Dementia]].
 
Cardiovascular:
*[[Hypertension]].
*[[Dilated cardiomyopathy]].
*[[Atrial fibrillation]].


Respiratory:
*[[Aspiration pneumonia]].


==See also==
==See also==
Line 10: Line 57:


[[Category:Clinical]]
[[Category:Clinical]]
[[Category:Diagnosis]]

Latest revision as of 05:52, 9 January 2015

A depiction of acute intoxication. (Jan Steen)

Ethanol abuse is the excessive consumption of ethyl alcohol or ethanol.

In common usage, alcohol is used as a synonym for ethanol, which is abbreviated EtOH. Alcohol abuse causes a large number of medical problems. It includes both acute and chronic problems, and affects a multitude of systems.

In pathology, alcohol may refer to the fixative; it is a chemical used to preserve tissue.

General

  • Very common.

Classic lab findings in alcohol abusers

  • AST & ALT elevated with AST:ALT=2:1.
  • GGT elevated.
  • MCV increased.

Toxicity

Acute toxicity is discussed in the section ethanol toxicity.

Pathology associated with alcohol

Head & neck:

Luminal GI tract:

Liver:

Pancreas:

CNS:

Cardiovascular:

Respiratory:

See also