Difference between revisions of "Calcification"
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*[[Calcinosis cutis]]. | *[[Calcinosis cutis]]. | ||
Image | ===Image=== | ||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Amyloidosis,_dystrophic_calcification,_H%26E.jpg | Dystrophic calcification. (WC) | |||
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==Metastatic calcification== | ==Metastatic calcification== | ||
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*Endocrine disorders - especially those that elevate PTH. | *Endocrine disorders - especially those that elevate PTH. | ||
*Drugs. | *Drugs. | ||
==See also== | |||
*[[Breast calcifications]]. | |||
*[[Psammoma bodies]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 16:16, 2 March 2016
Calcification is the formation of a calcium salt. It often happens in tissue.
Classification
It is typically classified as:[1]
- Dystrophic calcification.
- Metastatic calcification.
Dystrophic calcification
General
Examples - calcification in:
Image
Dystrophic calcification. (WC)
Metastatic calcification
General
Causes of elevated calcium - mnemonic GRIMED:[3][4]
- Granulomatous disease, e.g. tuberculosis, sarcoidosis.
- Renal failure.
- Immobility.
- Malignancy, e.g. metastases to bone, multiple myeloma.
- Endocrine disorders - especially those that elevate PTH.
- Drugs.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 20-21. ISBN 978-1416054542.
- ↑ Novaro, GM.; Griffin, BP. (May 2003). "Calcific aortic stenosis: another face of atherosclerosis?". Cleve Clin J Med 70 (5): 471-7. PMID 12779138.
- ↑ Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 21. ISBN 978-1416054542.
- ↑ Shiau, Carolyn; Toren, Andrew (2006). Toronto Notes 2006: Comprehensive Medical Reference (Review for MCCQE 1 and USMLE Step 2) (22nd edition (2006) ed.). Toronto Notes for Medical Students, Inc.. pp. Emerg.. ISBN 978-0968592861.