Difference between revisions of "Ground glass hepatocyte"

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#redirect [[Liver#Ground_glass_hepatocytes]]
[[Image:Ground glass hepatocytes high mag cropped 2.jpg|thumb|right|Ground glass hepatocytes. [[H&E stain]]. (WC)]]
The '''ground glass hepatocyte''', abbreviated '''GGH''', is a histologic finding that is seen in [[medical liver pathology]] and usually suggest a chronic [[hepatitis B]] infection.


[[Category:Liver]]
==General==
*Usually suggests '''chronic''' [[HBV]] infection.
**Pattern NOT seen in acute HBV.
**Caused by virion particles.
 
===Classification===
*GGHs are not routinely classified.
 
Notes:
*Several different types of GGHs are recognized.<ref name=pmid14633616>Wang HC, Wu HC, Chen CF, Fausto N, Lei HY, Su IJ. Different types of ground glass hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis B virus infection contain specific pre-S mutants that may induce endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Pathol. 2003 Dec;163(6):2441-9. PMID 14633616. Available at: [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=14633616 http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=14633616]. Accessed on: September 11, 2009.</ref>
 
Classification:<ref>Wang HC, Wu HC, Chen CF, Fausto N, Lei HY, Su IJ. Different types of ground glass hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis B virus infection contain specific pre-S mutants that may induce endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Pathol. 2003 Dec;163(6):2441-9. PMID 14633616. Available at: [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1892360&rendertype=figure&id=f1
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1892360&rendertype=figure&id=f1]. Accessed on: 17 September 2009.</ref>
*Type I ground glass hepatocytes (GGHs).
**Weak Pre-S2 positive immunostaining; morphology: GGHs scattered singly.
*Type II GGHs.
**Pre-S2 negative immunostaining; morphology: GGHs in clusters.
 
There is some suggestion that type II GGHs predispose to [[HCC]], based on data in children<ref name=pmid19719772>Pre-S2 deletion mutants of hepatitis B virus could have an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis in Asian children. Abe K, Thung SN, Wu HC, Tran TT, Le Hoang P, Truong KD, Inui A, Jang JJ, Su IJ. Cancer Sci. 2009 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print] PMID 19719772.</ref> and based on an animal model.<ref name=pmid18505413>Ground glass hepatocytes contain pre-S mutants and represent preneoplastic lesions in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Su IJ, Wang HC, Wu HC, Huang WY. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Aug;23(8 Pt 1):1169-74. Epub 2008 May 26. Review. PMID 18505413.</ref>
 
==Microscopic==
Features:
*Eosinophilic dull/hazy, somewhat irregular cytoplasm.
**Ground glass<ref>URL: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_glass http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_glass]. Accessed on: 7 June 2010.</ref> = glass with a rough/flat finish; glass that is translucent and has a matte finish.
***The term is frequently used in radiology to describe hazy radiodense areas in the [[lung]].<ref>URL: [http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/internet/radiology/educ/groundglass.cfm http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/internet/radiology/educ/groundglass.cfm]. Accessed on: 7 June 2010.</ref>
 
DDx:
*Pseudo-Lafora bodies in patients on disulfiram (anatabuse) - rare.
 
===Images===
<gallery>
Image:Ground glass hepatocytes intermed mag 2.jpg | GGH - intermed. mag. (WC)
Image:Ground glass hepatocytes high mag 2.jpg | GGH - high mag. (WC)
Image:Ground_glass_hepatocytes_high_mag_cropped_2.jpg | GGH - high mag. (cropped) (WC)
Image:Ground_glass_hepatocytes_high_mag_cropped.jpg | GGH - high mag. (cropped) (WC)
</gallery>
www:
*[http://www.consultantlive.com/aids/article/1145619/1363027 Ground glass hepatocytes (consultantlive.com)].
*[http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-230X/5/36/figure/F1 Ground glass hepatocytes (biomedcentral.com)].
*[http://pathology.osu.edu/paxit/deptbase/Paxit/Images/10534/PAXIT052.JPG Ground glass hepatocyte (pathology.osu.edu)].
 
==See also==
*[[Liver pathology]].
*[[Medical liver disease]].
 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
 
[[Category:Liver pathology]]

Latest revision as of 17:54, 9 January 2016

Ground glass hepatocytes. H&E stain. (WC)

The ground glass hepatocyte, abbreviated GGH, is a histologic finding that is seen in medical liver pathology and usually suggest a chronic hepatitis B infection.

General

  • Usually suggests chronic HBV infection.
    • Pattern NOT seen in acute HBV.
    • Caused by virion particles.

Classification

  • GGHs are not routinely classified.

Notes:

  • Several different types of GGHs are recognized.[1]

Classification:[2]

  • Type I ground glass hepatocytes (GGHs).
    • Weak Pre-S2 positive immunostaining; morphology: GGHs scattered singly.
  • Type II GGHs.
    • Pre-S2 negative immunostaining; morphology: GGHs in clusters.

There is some suggestion that type II GGHs predispose to HCC, based on data in children[3] and based on an animal model.[4]

Microscopic

Features:

  • Eosinophilic dull/hazy, somewhat irregular cytoplasm.
    • Ground glass[5] = glass with a rough/flat finish; glass that is translucent and has a matte finish.
      • The term is frequently used in radiology to describe hazy radiodense areas in the lung.[6]

DDx:

  • Pseudo-Lafora bodies in patients on disulfiram (anatabuse) - rare.

Images

  • GGH - intermed. mag. (WC)

  • GGH - high mag. (WC)

  • GGH - high mag. (cropped) (WC)

  • GGH - high mag. (cropped) (WC)

www:

See also

References

  1. ↑ Wang HC, Wu HC, Chen CF, Fausto N, Lei HY, Su IJ. Different types of ground glass hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis B virus infection contain specific pre-S mutants that may induce endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Pathol. 2003 Dec;163(6):2441-9. PMID 14633616. Available at: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=14633616. Accessed on: September 11, 2009.
  2. ↑ Wang HC, Wu HC, Chen CF, Fausto N, Lei HY, Su IJ. Different types of ground glass hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis B virus infection contain specific pre-S mutants that may induce endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Pathol. 2003 Dec;163(6):2441-9. PMID 14633616. Available at: [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1892360&rendertype=figure&id=f1 http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1892360&rendertype=figure&id=f1]. Accessed on: 17 September 2009.
  3. ↑ Pre-S2 deletion mutants of hepatitis B virus could have an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis in Asian children. Abe K, Thung SN, Wu HC, Tran TT, Le Hoang P, Truong KD, Inui A, Jang JJ, Su IJ. Cancer Sci. 2009 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print] PMID 19719772.
  4. ↑ Ground glass hepatocytes contain pre-S mutants and represent preneoplastic lesions in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Su IJ, Wang HC, Wu HC, Huang WY. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Aug;23(8 Pt 1):1169-74. Epub 2008 May 26. Review. PMID 18505413.
  5. ↑ URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_glass. Accessed on: 7 June 2010.
  6. ↑ URL: http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/internet/radiology/educ/groundglass.cfm. Accessed on: 7 June 2010.
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