Difference between revisions of "Gross pathology"

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===Components===
===Components===
#Orient the specimen.
#Orient the specimen.
#Paint with ink - if applicable.
#Paint with [[marking ink|ink]] - if applicable.
#*A good general rule is: ''ink before you think''.
#*A good general rule is: ''ink before you think''.
#Cut open for fixation - if not immediately blocked.
#Cut open for fixation - if not immediately blocked.
#+/-Weigh.
#+/-Weigh.
#+/-Insert paper towels in the cuts (book marking) for [[fixation]].
#+/-Insert paper towels in the cuts (book marking) for [[fixation]].
==Principles of grossing==
{{Main|Principles of grossing}}
This article is discusses generalities in grossing.


==Gross only==
==Gross only==
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==How to gross==
==How to gross==
===Principles of grossing===
{{Main|Principles of grossing}}
This article is discusses generalities in grossing.
===Dermatopathology===
{| class="wikitable sortable"  
{| class="wikitable sortable"  
! Specimen
! Specimen
! Subspeciality
! Comments
|-
|-
| [[Abdominal pannus grossing]]
| [[Abdominal pannus grossing|Abdominal pannus]]
| [[Dermatopathology]]
| often [[gross only]]
|}
 
===Cardiovascular===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Specimen
! Comments
|-
|-
| [[Aortic valve grossing]]
| [[Aortic valve grossing|Aortic valve]]
| [[Cardiovascular pathology]]
| may be [[gross only]]
|-
|-
| [[Cystoprostatectomy]]
| [[Mitral valve grossing|Mitral valve]]
| [[Genitourinary pathology]]
| may be [[gross only]]
|}
 
===Orthopedic===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Specimen
! Comments
|-
|-
| [[Femoral head grossing]]
| [[Femoral head grossing|Femoral head]]
| [[Bone pathology]]
| may be [[gross only]]
|-
|-
| [[Knee replacement specimen grossing]]
| [[Knee replacement specimen grossing|Knee replacement]]
| [[Bone pathology]]
| [[Soft tissue pathology]]
|}
 
===Genitourinary===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Specimen
! Comments
|-
|-
| [[Mitral valve grossing]]
| [[Cystoprostatectomy]]
| [[Cardiovascular pathology]]
| indication: urothelial carcinoma
|-
|-
| [[Orchiectomy]]
| [[Orchiectomy]]
| [[Genitourinary pathology]]
|  
|-
|-
| [[Partial colectomy for diverticular disease]]
| [[Gastrointestinal pathology]]
|-   
| [[Partial cystectomy]]
| [[Partial cystectomy]]
| [[Genitourinary pathology]]
| indication: [[urachal carcinoma]]
|-
|-
| [[Partial nephrectomy]]
| [[Partial nephrectomy]]
| [[Genitourinary pathology]]
| indication: [[renal cell carcinoma]]
|-
|-
| [[Penectomy]]
| [[Penectomy]]
| [[Genitourinary pathology]]
|  
|-
|-
| [[Prostate biopsy]]
| [[Prostate biopsy]]
| [[Genitourinary pathology]]
|  
|-     
|-     
| [[Prostate chips]]
| [[Prostate chips]]
| [[Genitourinary pathology]]
| indication: [[nodular hyperplasia of the prostate|BPH]]
|-
|-
| [[Radical cystectomy]]
| [[Radical cystectomy]]
| [[Genitourinary pathology]]
|  
|-
|-
| [[Radical prostatectomy]]
| [[Radical prostatectomy]]
| [[Genitourinary pathology]]
|  
|-
|-
| [[Total nephrectomy for tumour]]
| [[Total nephrectomy for tumour]]
| [[Genitourinary pathology]]
|
|}  
|-
| [[Nephroureterectomy]]
| indication: [[urothelial carcinoma]]
|}
 
===Gastrointestinal===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Specimen
! Comments
|-
| [[Partial colectomy for diverticular disease]]
|
|-
| [[Lower anterior resection for cancer]]
|
|}
 
===Gynecologic===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Specimen
! Comments
|-
| [[Hysterectomy for fibroids]]
|
|-
| [[Cervical cone]]
|
|-
| [[Hysterectomy for endometrial hyperplasia]]
| see also ''[[hysterectomy for endometrial cancer]]''
|-
| [[Hysterectomy for endometrial cancer]]
| see also ''[[hysterectomy for endometrial hyperplasia]]''
|-
| [[Radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer]]
|
|-
| [[Vulvectomy]]
|
|}


==Gross pathology spot diagnoses==
==Gross pathology spot diagnoses==
Line 98: Line 153:
==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.artandmedicine.com/Index.html Old (black & white) gross pathology (artandmedicine.com)].
*[http://www.artandmedicine.com/Index.html Old (black & white) gross pathology (artandmedicine.com)].
*[http://www.rcpa.edu.au/Library/Practising-Pathology/Macroscopic-Cut-Up/Home.aspx Cut-up manual from the RCPA (rcpa.edu.au)].
*[https://www.rcpa.edu.au/Manuals/Macroscopic-Cut-Up-Manual Cut-up manual from the RCPA (rcpa.edu.au)].
*[http://www.qmul.ac.uk/bartspathology/specimens/index.html Barts Pathology Museum (qmul.ac.uk)].
*[http://www.qmul.ac.uk/bartspathology/specimens/index.html Barts Pathology Museum (qmul.ac.uk)].
*[http://pathinfo.wikia.com/wiki/Specimen_Grossing_Manual Grossing Manual - Pathology Resident Wiki (wikia.com)].
*[https://grosspathology-sites.uchicago.edu/ Gross Pathology - U of Chicago (uchicago.edu)].


[[Category:Gross pathology]]
[[Category:Gross pathology]]

Latest revision as of 04:57, 28 November 2019

A kidney tumour (renal oncocytoma) at the time of grossing.

Gross pathology, also simply gross, refers to the macroscopic pathology, and the macroscopic assessment of pathology specimens. It may include preparation of tissue for a microscopic examination. It is an essential part of pathologic assessments.

The process of cutting up specimens is known as grossing (North American term), cut-up or macroscopic cut-up (Australian term).

Specimen opening

Usually referred to simply as opening.
May go by the term freshing.
  • The first part of a gross pathologic assessment.

Components

  1. Orient the specimen.
  2. Paint with ink - if applicable.
    • A good general rule is: ink before you think.
  3. Cut open for fixation - if not immediately blocked.
  4. +/-Weigh.
  5. +/-Insert paper towels in the cuts (book marking) for fixation.

Gross only

Gross only specimens are examined only at the grossing bench; no microscopy is done. Which specimens are considered "gross only" typically depends on institutional policy.[1]

Common gross only specimens

How to gross

Principles of grossing

Main article: Principles of grossing

This article is discusses generalities in grossing.

Dermatopathology

Specimen Comments
Abdominal pannus often gross only

Cardiovascular

Specimen Comments
Aortic valve may be gross only
Mitral valve may be gross only

Orthopedic

Specimen Comments
Femoral head may be gross only
Knee replacement Soft tissue pathology

Genitourinary

Specimen Comments
Cystoprostatectomy indication: urothelial carcinoma
Orchiectomy
Partial cystectomy indication: urachal carcinoma
Partial nephrectomy indication: renal cell carcinoma
Penectomy
Prostate biopsy
Prostate chips indication: BPH
Radical cystectomy
Radical prostatectomy
Total nephrectomy for tumour
Nephroureterectomy indication: urothelial carcinoma

Gastrointestinal

Specimen Comments
Partial colectomy for diverticular disease
Lower anterior resection for cancer

Gynecologic

Specimen Comments
Hysterectomy for fibroids
Cervical cone
Hysterectomy for endometrial hyperplasia see also hysterectomy for endometrial cancer
Hysterectomy for endometrial cancer see also hysterectomy for endometrial hyperplasia
Radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer
Vulvectomy

Gross pathology spot diagnoses

Main article: Gross pathology spot diagnoses

This is a long list of things that can be identified with a reasonable certainty on gross.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Zarbo, RJ.; Nakhleh, RE. (Feb 1999). "Surgical pathology specimens for gross examination only and exempt from submission: a College of American Pathologists Q-Probes study of current policies in 413 institutions.". Arch Pathol Lab Med 123 (2): 133-9. doi:10.1043/0003-9985(1999)1230133:SPSFGE2.0.CO;2. PMID 10050786.

External links

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