Difference between revisions of "Hypersensitivity"
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'''Hypersensitivity''' is a thingy one may get | '''Hypersensitivity''' is an inappropriate immune system response. It is a thingy one may get quizzed on. | ||
==Gell & | ==Gell & Coombs classification== | ||
Gell & Coombs, in the 1960s, came-up with a classification that has endured. | |||
{|Class="wikitable" | {|Class="wikitable" | ||
! Type (I-IV) | ! Type (I-IV) | ||
! Formal name<ref>{{Ref PCPBoD8|110}}</ref> | |||
! Name | ! Name | ||
! Example | ! Example | ||
! | ! Mediator | ||
! Pathology | |||
|- | |- | ||
| I | | I | ||
| | | '''Immediate h.''' | ||
| | | Allergic h. | ||
| | | [[anaphylaxis]], (atopic) bronchial [[asthma]], allergies | ||
| antibodies (IgE) | |||
| mast cells, inflammation (esp. eosinophils), edema | |||
|- | |- | ||
| II | | II | ||
| Cytotoxic antibody dependent | | '''Antibody mediated h.''' | ||
| | | Cytotoxic antibody dependent h. | ||
| | | [[Goodpasture syndrome]],<ref name=pmid384140>{{Cite journal | last1 = Briggs | first1 = WA. | last2 = Johnson | first2 = JP. | last3 = Teichman | first3 = S. | last4 = Yeager | first4 = HC. | last5 = Wilson | first5 = CB. | title = Antiglomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis and Goodpasture's syndrome. | journal = Medicine (Baltimore) | volume = 58 | issue = 5 | pages = 348-61 | month = Sep | year = 1979 | doi = | PMID = 384140 }}</ref> [[Graves disease]] | ||
| antibodies (IgG, IgM) | |||
| (antibody-mediated) phagocytosis & lysis | |||
|- | |- | ||
| III | | III | ||
| Immune complex | | '''Immune complex mediated h.''' | ||
| | | Immune complex mediated h. | ||
| | | [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[hypersensitivity pneumonitis]],<ref name=pmid8279154>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kaltreider | first1 = HB. | title = Hypersensitivity pneumonitis. | journal = West J Med | volume = 159 | issue = 5 | pages = 570-8 | month = Nov | year = 1993 | doi = | PMID = 8279154 | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/8279154/?tool=pubmed }}</ref> [[rheumatoid arthritis]] | ||
| antigen-antibody complex | |||
| inflammation, [[vasculitis]] with [[fibrinoid necrosis]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
| IV | | IV | ||
| '''Cell-mediated h.''' | |||
| Delayed-type hypersensitivity | | Delayed-type hypersensitivity | ||
| | | [[tuberculosis]], [[contact dermatitis]], chronic transplant rejection, [[inflammatory bowel disease]] | ||
| | | activated T cells | ||
| perivascular inflammation, [[granuloma]]s | |||
|} | |} | ||
Memory device ''ACID'':<ref>URL: [http://www.saintcyr.com/2001/mnemonic.html http://www.saintcyr.com/2001/mnemonic.html]. Accessed on: 13 November 2011.</ref> | |||
*Allergic, Cytotoxic-mediated, Immune-complex disease, Delayed hypersensitivity. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Hypersensitivity pneumonitis]]. | *[[Hypersensitivity pneumonitis]]. | ||
*[[Common variable immunodeficiency]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist| | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Stuff]] | [[Category:Stuff]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:14, 30 April 2012
Hypersensitivity is an inappropriate immune system response. It is a thingy one may get quizzed on.
Gell & Coombs classification
Gell & Coombs, in the 1960s, came-up with a classification that has endured.
| Type (I-IV) | Formal name[1] | Name | Example | Mediator | Pathology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | Immediate h. | Allergic h. | anaphylaxis, (atopic) bronchial asthma, allergies | antibodies (IgE) | mast cells, inflammation (esp. eosinophils), edema |
| II | Antibody mediated h. | Cytotoxic antibody dependent h. | Goodpasture syndrome,[2] Graves disease | antibodies (IgG, IgM) | (antibody-mediated) phagocytosis & lysis |
| III | Immune complex mediated h. | Immune complex mediated h. | systemic lupus erythematosus, hypersensitivity pneumonitis,[3] rheumatoid arthritis | antigen-antibody complex | inflammation, vasculitis with fibrinoid necrosis |
| IV | Cell-mediated h. | Delayed-type hypersensitivity | tuberculosis, contact dermatitis, chronic transplant rejection, inflammatory bowel disease | activated T cells | perivascular inflammation, granulomas |
Memory device ACID:[4]
- Allergic, Cytotoxic-mediated, Immune-complex disease, Delayed hypersensitivity.
See also
References
- ↑ Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 110. ISBN 978-1416054542.
- ↑ Briggs, WA.; Johnson, JP.; Teichman, S.; Yeager, HC.; Wilson, CB. (Sep 1979). "Antiglomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis and Goodpasture's syndrome.". Medicine (Baltimore) 58 (5): 348-61. PMID 384140.
- ↑ Kaltreider, HB. (Nov 1993). "Hypersensitivity pneumonitis.". West J Med 159 (5): 570-8. PMID 8279154. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/8279154/?tool=pubmed.
- ↑ URL: http://www.saintcyr.com/2001/mnemonic.html. Accessed on: 13 November 2011.