Difference between revisions of "Small intestine"
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*May be assoc. with hypogammaglobulinemia.<ref name=pmid8782302>{{cite journal |author=Yamaue H, Tanimura H, Ishimoto K, Morikawa Y, Kakudo K |title=Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the terminal ileum: report of a case and the findings of an immunological analysis |journal=Surg. Today |volume=26 |issue=6 |pages=431-4 |year=1996 |pmid=8782302 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *May be assoc. with hypogammaglobulinemia.<ref name=pmid8782302>{{cite journal |author=Yamaue H, Tanimura H, Ishimoto K, Morikawa Y, Kakudo K |title=Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the terminal ileum: report of a case and the findings of an immunological analysis |journal=Surg. Today |volume=26 |issue=6 |pages=431-4 |year=1996 |pmid=8782302 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
==Small bowel | ==Small bowel neoplasms== | ||
*Adenocarcinoma - like colonic. | |||
* | *Adenosquamous carcinoma. | ||
*Neuroendocine tumour. | |||
*[[GIST]]. | |||
*Schwannoma. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 20:11, 26 May 2010
The small bowel is a relatively well-behaved piece of machinery from the perspective of pathology. It is uncommonly affected by malignancies.
Anatomy
Consists of three segments:
- Duodenum (which can be divided into four parts).
- Jejunum.
- Ileum.
The later two parts keep general surgeons awake at night (quite literally) 'cause they get obstructed and need urgent operations.
The usual causes of bowel obstruction (large & small) are (mnemonic) SHAVING:
- Strictures (think IBD),
- Hernias,
- Adhesions,
- Volvulus,
- Intussusception,
- Neoplasia,
- Gallstone ileus.
- adhesions > hernias > neoplasms.
In the context of bowel obstructions and IBD, pathologists often see resected stomas (that were put in place emergently). These specimens are usually fairly straight forward.
Histology
Main article: Gastrointestinal pathology
Duodenum
Main article: Duodenum
The duodenum is often biopsied by gastroenterologists.
Common reasons for biopsy:
- Suspected giardia.
- Suspected celiac sprue.
- Is this cancer?
- Looks normal... want to dot the i's and cross the t's.
Jejunum
- Uncommonly seen by pathologists.
- May be seen in the context of a resection done for a bowel obstruction.
Ileum
- This is seen occasionally -- often in the context of IBD and more specifically Crohn's disease.
- Crohn's disease (and ulcerative colitis) is discussed in the colon article.
Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia
General
- An uncommon diagnosis
- Prominent lymphoid follicles
- May be assoc. with hypogammaglobulinemia.[3]
Small bowel neoplasms
- Adenocarcinoma - like colonic.
- Adenosquamous carcinoma.
- Neuroendocine tumour.
- GIST.
- Schwannoma.