Difference between revisions of "Neurodegenerative diseases"
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
(→General DDx of dementia: wikify) |
m (overview) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
'''Neurodegenerative diseases''' is a big part of [[neuropathology]]. | '''Neurodegenerative diseases''' is a big part of [[neuropathology]]. | ||
==Overview== | |||
They are essentially progressive and selective neuron loss. Clinically, they are not unique. They are defined by molecular pathology.<ref name=pmid19918325>{{cite journal |author=Dickson DW |title=Neuropathology of non-Alzheimer degenerative disorders |journal=Int J Clin Exp Pathol |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=1–23 |year=2009 |pmid=19918325 |pmc=2776269 |doi= |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2776269/?tool=pubmed}}</ref> | |||
Molecular schema of neurodegenerative disorders:<ref name=pmid19918325/> | |||
{{familytree/start}} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | | A01 | | | | | | | | A01=Neurodegenerative<br>disorders}} | |||
{{familytree | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | |}} | |||
{{familytree | B01 | | B02 | | B03 | | B04 | |B01=Amyloidoses|B02=Tauopathies|B03=α-synucleinopathies|B04=TDP-43}} | |||
{{familytree/end}} | |||
==General DDx of dementia== | ==General DDx of dementia== | ||
Revision as of 13:50, 12 November 2010
Neurodegenerative diseases is a big part of neuropathology.
Overview
They are essentially progressive and selective neuron loss. Clinically, they are not unique. They are defined by molecular pathology.[1]
Molecular schema of neurodegenerative disorders:[1]
| Neurodegenerative disorders | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amyloidoses | Tauopathies | α-synucleinopathies | TDP-43 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General DDx of dementia
- Alzheimer's dementia.
- Vascular.
- Multi-infarct dementia.
- Parkinson's associated dementia.
- Lewy body dementia.
- Alcohol-related dementia.
- Fronto-temporal dementia (Pick disease).
- Multisystem atrophy.
Mnemonic VITAMIN D VEST:[2]
- Vitamin deficiency (B12, folate, thiamine).
- Infection (HIV).
- Trauma.
- Anoxia.
- Metabolic (Diabetes).
- Intracranial tumour.
- Normal pressure hydrocephalus.
- Degenerative (Alzheimer's, Huntington's, CJD).
- Vascular.
- Endocrine.
- Space occupying lesion (chronic subdural hematoma).
- Toxins (alcohol).
Lewy body dementia
- Parkinsonian features.
- Hallucinations (visual).
- Progressive cog. decline with fluctuations.
Multiple system atrophy
- Alpha-synuclein-rich glial cytoplasmic inclusions - finding at autopsy.[3]
- Alpha-synuclein is implicated in a number of neurodegenerative diseases.[4]
Progressive supranuclear palsy
General
Microscopic
Features:
Huntington disease
General
- Autosomal dominant inheritance.
- Mutation: unstable CAG repeat.[7]
Gross
- Missing caudate.[8]
Image: Huntington's disease (ouhsc.edu).
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Dickson DW (2009). "Neuropathology of non-Alzheimer degenerative disorders". Int J Clin Exp Pathol 3 (1): 1–23. PMC 2776269. PMID 19918325. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2776269/?tool=pubmed.
- ↑ TN06 PS19
- ↑ Wenning, GK.; Stefanova, N.; Jellinger, KA.; Poewe, W.; Schlossmacher, MG. (Sep 2008). "Multiple system atrophy: a primary oligodendrogliopathy.". Ann Neurol 64 (3): 239-46. doi:10.1002/ana.21465. PMID 18825660.
- ↑ Uversky, VN. (Oct 2008). "Alpha-synuclein misfolding and neurodegenerative diseases.". Curr Protein Pept Sci 9 (5): 507-40. PMID 18855701.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1151430-overview. Accessed on: 11 November 2010.
- ↑ Williams DR, Lees AJ (March 2009). "Progressive supranuclear palsy: clinicopathological concepts and diagnostic challenges". Lancet Neurol 8 (3): 270–9. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70042-0. PMID 19233037.
- ↑ Kumar P, Kalonia H, Kumar A (2010). "Huntington's disease: pathogenesis to animal models". Pharmacol Rep 62 (1): 1–14. PMID 20360611.
- ↑ URL: http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/NeuroTest/Q07-Ans.htm. Accessed on: 29 October 2010.