Difference between revisions of "Bacteria"
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
m (→Actinobacteria) |
m (→Actinobacteria) |
||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*IUD needs to be removed if found on a pap test<ref name=Ref_WMSP446>{{Ref WMSP|446}}</ref> - see ''[[Gynecologic cytopathology#Actinomycetes|gynecologic cytopathology]]''. | *IUD needs to be removed if found on a pap test<ref name=Ref_WMSP446>{{Ref WMSP|446}}</ref> - see ''[[Gynecologic cytopathology#Actinomycetes|gynecologic cytopathology]]''. | ||
*Gram-positive | *Gram-positive branching rods. | ||
*Common in the tonsils. | *Common in the tonsils. | ||
Notes: | |||
*''Mycete'' = fungus; these organisms have a fungus-like appearance. | |||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Revision as of 19:35, 14 September 2011
Bacteria are single celled microorganisms, without a nucleus (prokaryotes), that can cause lots of morbidity and mortality. They are not infrequently seen by pathologists.
Actinobacteria
- Previously known actinomycetes.
General
- IUD needs to be removed if found on a pap test[1] - see gynecologic cytopathology.
- Gram-positive branching rods.
- Common in the tonsils.
Notes:
- Mycete = fungus; these organisms have a fungus-like appearance.
Microscopic
- Branching rods.
- Typically form pink/purple granules ("sulfur granule") that is surrounded by inflammatory cells (lymphocytes or neutrophils).
DDx:
- Nocardia.
Notes:
- Sulfur granule may be seen grossly - yellow.[3]
Images:
Stains
- Gram +ve.
- AFB -ve.
- Nocardia +ve.
Helicobacter pylori
- See Stomach.
Clostridium difficile
- Commonly C. difficile.
General
- Gram positive bacillus.
One virulent strain is:[4][5] BI/NAP1.
- Deletion of tcdC locus.
- Resistant to fluoroquinolones (gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin).
See also
References
- ↑ Humphrey, Peter A; Dehner, Louis P; Pfeifer, John D (2008). The Washington Manual of Surgical Pathology (1st ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 446. ISBN 978-0781765275.
- ↑ URL: http://pathology.class.kmu.edu.tw/ch05/Slide42.htm . Accessed on: 14 September 2011.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 URL: http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mycology/mycology-2.htm. Accessed on: 14 September 2011.
- ↑ URL: http://www.medpagetoday.com/InfectiousDisease/PublicHealth/2254. Accessed on: 15 August 2011.
- ↑ McDonald, LC.; Killgore, GE.; Thompson, A.; Owens, RC.; Kazakova, SV.; Sambol, SP.; Johnson, S.; Gerding, DN. (Dec 2005). "An epidemic, toxin gene-variant strain of Clostridium difficile.". N Engl J Med 353 (23): 2433-41. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa051590. PMID 16322603.