Difference between revisions of "Actinic keratosis"

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| ClinDDx    = [[squamous cell carcinoma of the skin|squamous cell carcinoma]]
| ClinDDx    = [[squamous cell carcinoma of the skin|squamous cell carcinoma]]
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'''Actinic_keratosis''', abbreviated '''AK''', is a common [[skin]] lesion. It is also known as '''solar keratosis'''.<ref name=pmid18393780>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Weinberg | first1 = JM. | title = Topical therapy for actinic keratoses: current and evolving therapies. | journal = Rev Recent Clin Trials | volume = 1 | issue = 1 | pages = 53-60 | month = Jan | year = 2006 | doi =  | PMID = 18393780 }}</ref><ref name=pmid18067626>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Roewert-Huber | first1 = J. | last2 = Stockfleth | first2 = E. | last3 = Kerl | first3 = H. | title = Pathology and pathobiology of actinic (solar) keratosis - an update. | journal = Br J Dermatol | volume = 157 Suppl 2 | issue =  | pages = 18-20 | month = Dec | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08267.x | PMID = 18067626 }}</ref>
'''Actinic keratosis''', abbreviated '''AK''', is a common [[skin]] lesion. It is also known as '''solar keratosis'''.<ref name=pmid18393780>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Weinberg | first1 = JM. | title = Topical therapy for actinic keratoses: current and evolving therapies. | journal = Rev Recent Clin Trials | volume = 1 | issue = 1 | pages = 53-60 | month = Jan | year = 2006 | doi =  | PMID = 18393780 }}</ref><ref name=pmid18067626>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Roewert-Huber | first1 = J. | last2 = Stockfleth | first2 = E. | last3 = Kerl | first3 = H. | title = Pathology and pathobiology of actinic (solar) keratosis - an update. | journal = Br J Dermatol | volume = 157 Suppl 2 | issue =  | pages = 18-20 | month = Dec | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08267.x | PMID = 18067626 }}</ref>


==General==
==General==

Revision as of 15:23, 29 August 2013

Actinic keratosis
Diagnosis in short
LM basal epidermal atypia - key feature, palisading of basal cells, solar elastosis +/-parakeratosis
Subtypes bowenoid actinic keratosis, hypertrophic actinic keratosis, acantholytic actinic keratosis, proliferative actinic keratosis, pigmented actinic keratosis, lichenoid actinic keratosis
LM DDx squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, Bowen's disease
IHC CK34betaE12 +ve
Site skin
Associated Dx squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, Bowen's disease
Signs sandpaper-like texture
Prognosis good
Clin. DDx squamous cell carcinoma

Actinic keratosis, abbreviated AK, is a common skin lesion. It is also known as solar keratosis.[1][2]

General

Risk factors:[3]

  • Sun exposure.
  • Immune suppression (e.g. organ transplant recipients).

Gross

Features:

  • Yellow-brown scaly, patches.
  • Sandpaper sensation - on touching.
  • May be pigmented.[4]

Microscopic

Features:[5]

  • Epidermal nuclear atypia:
    • Variation is size, shape and staining - must involve basilar layer.
      • Nuclear enlargement - key feature.
      • Hyperchromasia.
  • Abnormal epidermal architecture:
  • +/-Parakeratosis - may alternate with orthokeratosis, esp. early lesions.[6]
  • +/-Irregular acanthosis.

Note:

  • May be full thickness - known as bowenoid actinic keratosis.[7]

DDx:

Images

  • Actinic keratosis. (WC)

  • Actinic keratosis. (WC)

  • Actinic keartosis. (WC)

  • Bowenoid actinic keratosis - high mag. (WC)

  • Bowenoid actinic keratosis - very high mag. (WC)

Histologic subtypes of actinic keratosis

Like most common things, there are several variants:[6]

  • Hypertrophic actinic keratosis.
    • Increased thickness of: (1) epidermis and, (2) stratum corneum.[9]
  • Acantholytic actinic keratosis.
  • Proliferative actinic keratosis - downward finger-like projections of the epidermis.
  • Pigmented actinic keratosis.
  • Lichenoid actinic keratosis.

Sign out

SKIN LESION, RIGHT THIGH, BIOPSY:
- HYPERTROPHIC ACTINIC KERATOSIS.
- SOLAR ELASTOSIS.
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.

Bowenoid

SKIN LESION, RIGHT DISTAL FOREARM, BIOPSY:
- BOWENOID ACTINIC KERATOSIS, COMPLETELY EXCISED IN PLANE OF SECTION.
- EXTENSIVE SOLAR ELASTOSIS.
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.

Micro

General

The sections show skin with basilar epidermal nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia with irregular nuclear palisading. Hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis is present. A granular layer is present. The dermal-epidermal interface is sharply-demarcated. There is focal inflammation at the interface. Extensive solar elastosis is present.

There is no clefting of the lesion from the surrounding stroma. The surrounding stroma does not have a myxoid quality.

Bowenoid

The sections show skin with epidermal nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia with irregular nuclear palisading. The lesion involves the full thickness of the epidermis; however, it spares adnexal and follicular epithelium. Proliferative activity is present. Hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis is present. A granular layer is present. The dermal-epidermal interface is sharply-demarcated. There is focal inflammation at the interface. Extensive solar elastosis is present.

There is no clefting of the lesion from the surrounding stroma. Intercellular bridges are identified.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Weinberg, JM. (Jan 2006). "Topical therapy for actinic keratoses: current and evolving therapies.". Rev Recent Clin Trials 1 (1): 53-60. PMID 18393780.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Roewert-Huber, J.; Stockfleth, E.; Kerl, H. (Dec 2007). "Pathology and pathobiology of actinic (solar) keratosis - an update.". Br J Dermatol 157 Suppl 2: 18-20. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08267.x. PMID 18067626.
  3. ↑ Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson; Aster, Jon (2009). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 1180. ISBN 978-1416031215.
  4. ↑ URL: http://www.dermoscopy-ids.org/index.php/newest-case/79-lentigo-maligna-vs-pigmented-actinic-keratosis. Accessed on: 23 August 2012.
  5. ↑ URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1099775-workup#a0723. Accessed on: 1 September 2011.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Busam, Klaus J. (2009). Dermatopathology: A Volume in the Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 353. ISBN 978-0443066542.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Bagazgoitia, L.; Cuevas, J.; Juarranz, A. (Feb 2010). "Expression of p53 and p16 in actinic keratosis, bowenoid actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease.". J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 24 (2): 228-30. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03337.x. PMID 19515076.
  8. ↑ Picascia, DD.; Robinson, JK. (Aug 1987). "Actinic cheilitis: a review of the etiology, differential diagnosis, and treatment.". J Am Acad Dermatol 17 (2 Pt 1): 255-64. PMID 3305604.
  9. ↑ Busam, Klaus J. (2009). Dermatopathology: A Volume in the Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 352. ISBN 978-0443066542.
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