Chondroma

Chondroma is a benign tumour of cartilage. It is in the Chondro-osseous tumours group of soft tissue tumours.

General

• Benign thingy.
• Usual legs and feet.
• May be difficult to separate from chondrosarcoma.
• Multiple chondromas = enchondromatosis; three distinct syndromes:
  • Ollier disease.
  • Maffucci syndrome - with hemangiomas, increased risk of chondrosarcoma.
  • Metachondromatosis - autosomal dominant.
• Enchondroma = chondroma in the marrow space.

Clinical:

• Pain.

Radiology

Features:

• Lytic lesion.
• Usual close to a growth plate.

Important suspicious findings that favour malignant:

• Cortical destruction.
• Soft tissue component.

Note:

• High-grade chondroid lesions (high-grade chondrosarcoma) can usually be separated radiologically from low-grade ones.

Microscopic

Features:

• Ctyologically benign cells is spaced nests.

DDx:

• Low-grade chondrosarcoma - should be considered, correlation with radiology essential.

Images

• 

  Enchondroma - intermed mag. (WC)

• 

  Enchondroma - very high mag. (WC)

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TISSUE ("CHONDROMA"), LEFT COSTAL MARGIN, EXCISION:
- CHONDROMA.

Micro

The sections show spaced small cells in a pale matrix with a light-blue tinge. No nuclear atypia is appreciated. No mitotic activity is apparent. Degenerative changes are seen focally.

A small focus of cholesterol clefts with giant cells is present. Benign bone, bone marrow and skeletal muscle are present.

See also

• Chondro-osseous tumours.