Bacteria
Bacteria are single celled microorganisms, without a nucleus (prokaryotes), that can cause lots of morbidity and mortality. They are not infrequently seen by pathologists.
Actinobacteria
- Previously known actinomycetes.
General
- IUD needs to be removed if found on a pap test.
- Gram-positive cocci.
- Common in the tonsils.
Microscopic
Features:[1]
- Cocci.
- Typically form pink/purple granule ("sulfur granule") that is surrounded by inflammatory cells (lymphocytes, neutrophils).
DDx:
- Nocardia
Images:
Stains
- Gram +ve.
- AFB -ve.
- Nocardia +ve.
Helicobacter pylori
- See Stomach.
Clostridium difficile
- Commonly C. difficile.
General
- Gram positive bacillus.
One virulent strain is:[2][3] BI/NAP1.
- Deletion of tcdC locus.
- Resistant to fluoroquinolones (gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin).
See also
References
- ↑ URL: http://pathology.class.kmu.edu.tw/ch05/Slide42.htm . Accessed on: 14 September 2011.
- ↑ URL: http://www.medpagetoday.com/InfectiousDisease/PublicHealth/2254. Accessed on: 15 August 2011.
- ↑ McDonald, LC.; Killgore, GE.; Thompson, A.; Owens, RC.; Kazakova, SV.; Sambol, SP.; Johnson, S.; Gerding, DN. (Dec 2005). "An epidemic, toxin gene-variant strain of Clostridium difficile.". N Engl J Med 353 (23): 2433-41. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa051590. PMID 16322603.